Repeat breeding syndrome (RBS)is a common reproductive problem inthebuffaloes which ischaracterized by failure to conceive after multipleartificial insemination ormating attempts during the fertile period. It is one of the leading causes of infertility inthebuffaloes and presents a significant challenge inthe tropical regions wherethefactors such as heat stress, poor nutrition and diseases play a role in decreasingthereproductive efficiency.The condition results in extended calving intervals leads tofinancial losses forthedairy and breeding operations. Identifying the underlying causes of RBS and implementingthecorrective management strategies helptoimprovethe fertility and overall herd productivity.