With the rapid expansion of new technologies, especially in the field of artificial intelligence, the structure and traditional methods of armed conflict have changed. The use of intelligent systems in cyberattacks has posed new questions to the responsibility of states for actions taken in cyberspace; especially in terms of attribution of action, proving violations of peremptory norms, and the need to observe fundamental principles of international law such as sovereignty, prohibition of the use of force, and the principle of non-intervention. This article aims to analyze the legal dimensions of cyberwarfare based on artificial intelligence, while examining the existing frameworks in public international law and the law of armed conflict, and addresses the challenges related to the international responsibility of states. In this regard, the role of international organizations, existing legal gaps, and the need to formulate new rules are examined in order to provide a solution to enhance legal accountability in the face of new threats.