This paper examines the impact of social media on athletes’ identity, self-presentation, and mental health using secondary data, existing literature, and global statistics. Findings show that while social media offers opportunities for visibility, branding, and community support, it also contributes to pressure, comparison, anxiety, cyberbullying, and identity confusion among athletes. A narrative review approach was used. Research from the APA, NCAA, Pew Research Center, WHO, and scholarly journals indicates that between 60–70% of young athletes experience stress due to online self-presentation, and approximately 40% report anxiety linked to negative feedback. Positive themes include skill learning, peer connection, and motivation. The paper concludes with recommendations for athletes, coaches, and institutions to create a healthier digital environment.