Stress is a complex physiological and psychological response that plays a significant role in cardiovascular health. Both acute and chronic stress have been shown to influence cardiac function through neuroendocrine activation, autonomic imbalance, and inflammatory pathways. This article reviews current scientific evidence on the mechanisms by which stress affects the heart, including its role in hypertension, arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing stress-related cardiovascular risk.