This study examines the resurgence of military interventions in the Niger Republic and their implications for governance, democratic processes, economic stability, and social development. Drawing on civil–military relations theory, the research investigates how repeated coups have reshaped political authority, weakened democratic institutions, and altered the balance of power between civilian governments and the military. Using a historical research design and content analysis of secondary sources, including government reports, academic literature, and international assessments, the study explores the economic consequences of military interventions, focusing on investment flows, international sanctions, and poverty levels, as well as their social and human rights impacts. Findings reveal that military takeovers have disrupted constitutional order, undermined civilian oversight, and eroded public trust in democratic governance, while exacerbating economic vulnerability and constraining human development. The study concludes that sustainable democratic consolidation in Niger requires strengthened civilian institutions, professionalization of the military, and mechanisms that enhance accountability, transparency, and social inclusion. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of the cyclical nature of military interventions in post-colonial African states and highlights policy pathways for mitigating political instability and promoting socio-economic resilience.