In the context of structural changes in the global food market and the growing demand for animal protein, the poultry industry has become one of the strategically important sectors of agriculture. Poultry products, such as meat and eggs, are characterized by short production cycles, high biological value, and relatively low production costs, making them a key factor in ensuring food security. This article provides a systematic analysis of international experience in evaluating the efficiency of the poultry industry, using the cases of the United States, the European Union countries (Germany and the Netherlands), and Brazil. The study examines key economic, organizational, and technological approaches, including vertical integration, digital monitoring systems, and the consideration of environmental and social performance indicators. Special attention is given to feed conversion ratio, production costs, profitability, and export-oriented efficiency. Based on the analysis, scientific conclusions and practical recommendations are proposed for adapting advanced foreign experience to the national conditions of Uzbekistan in order to enhance the efficiency, investment attractiveness, and sustainable development of the poultry industry.