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Data Paper . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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RA-QA: Towards Respiratory Audio-based Health Question Answering

Authors: Bertolino, Gaia A.; Zhang, Yuwei; Xia, Tong; Talia, Domenico; Mascolo, Cecilia;

RA-QA: Towards Respiratory Audio-based Health Question Answering

Abstract

Respiratory diseases are a leading cause of death globally, highlighting the urgent need for early and accessible screening methods. While some lung auscultation analysis has been automated and machine learning audio based models are able to predict respiratory pathologies, there remains a critical gap: the lack of intelligent systems that can interact in real-time consultations using natural language. Unlike other clinical domains, such as electronic health records, radiological images, and biosignals, where numerous question-answering (QA) datasets and models have been established, audio-based modalities remain notably underdeveloped. We curated and harmonized data from 11 diverse respiratory audio datasets to construct the first Respiratory Audio Question Answering (RA-QA) dataset. As the first multimodal QA resource of its kind focused specifically on respiratory health, RA-QA bridges clinical audio and natural language in a structured, scalable format. This new data resource contains about 7.5 million QA pairs spanning more than 60 attributes and three question types: single verification, multiple choice, and open-ended questions. Building upon this dataset, we introduce a novel benchmark that compares audio-text generation models with traditional audio classifiers to evaluate their respective performance. Our experiments reveal interesting performance variations across different attributes and question types, establishing a baseline and paving the way for more advanced architectures that could further improve the performance. By bridging machine learning with real-world clinical dialogue, our work opens the door to the development of more interactive, intelligent, and accessible diagnostic tools in respiratory healthcare. 

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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