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Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Beyond Agent II: Internal Dissonance as the Engine of Autonomous Cognitive Evolution

Authors: Cui, Bo;

Beyond Agent II: Internal Dissonance as the Engine of Autonomous Cognitive Evolution

Abstract

The first ADP paper (Cui, 2026) established that LLMs can passively detect dissonance between external input and their internal world model. This paper extends the framework to a fundamentally new domain: Intra-Model Dissonance. We argue that LLMs’ internal world models are inherently fractured, containing structural contradictions inherited from conflicting training data. Rather than treating these contradictions as defects to be “smoothed out” via RLHF, we propose that internal dissonance constitutes a latent map of unresolved problems within a knowledge domain. We introduce a three-tier dissonance taxonomy, propose a self-reinforcing cognitive loop where dissonance detection drives autonomous data acquisition, and define “Structured Inconsistency” — operationalized as robust bimodality in hidden-state clustering — as the distinct signal that separates genuine scientific controversy from stochastic noise. We further distinguish this signal from standard Bayesian epistemic uncertainty, arguing that Structured Inconsistency captures not the absence of information but the presence of conflicting certainties.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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