1. Key to Micranops of the Old World The following key includes the named Micranops species of the Afrotropical, Australasiatic, Oriental, and Palearctic regions, except for M. zambezianus (Fagel, 1973), Zimbabwe (Figs 183, 184), whose male is unknown and which I cannot distinguish from other Afrotropical species due to its average shape. The key also serves as table of contents, as it leads to the page numbers on which the descriptions,redescriptions, or illustrations of the species can be found. For species not described or redescribed in this article, reference is made to illustrations in their descriptions or redescriptions. The key is moreover intended to replace differential diagnoses in the species descriptions. For the majority of the species, it only allows the identification of the males. For a reliable use of the key, I recommend to examine the aedeagus with a transmitted-light microscope. Itwasnotpossibletoconstructthekeyphylogenetically throughout, as features that are well suited for species identification often do not reflect the presumed phylogenetic relationships. For this reason, some species appear in the key in a different order than in the species descriptions and figure plates, where I have tried to arrange the species according to their relationships. 1 Macrophthalmous,macropterous or wing-dimorphic species with palisade fringe on abdominal tergite VII (e.g. Figs 1–3, 182, 183). Trichobothrial cavity usually connected to eye (Figs 5–8).......................................................................... 2 - Microphthalmous or anophthalmous, micropterous species without palisade fringe on abdominal tergite VII (Figs 4, 184, 185, 191). Trichobothrial cavity far posterior of eye (Fig. 10) .......................................................................... 33 2 Forebody nitid with medium fine punctation with puncture interspaces usually wider than puncture diameters (Frisch 2016: Fig. 1). Male characters unknown. Western Australia ...................................................... mediicollis (Lea, 1923). - Forebody usually subnitid with finer, much denser punctation. Not in Western Australia................................ 3 3 Subbasal ridge of male abdominal sternite VIII medioposteriorly extended in long, ventrally protruding process (Figs 171, 173)..................................................... 4 - Subbasal ridge of male abdominal sternite VIII without such process (e.g. Figs 167, 181) ..................................... 5 4 Abdominal sternite VII of male with transverse row of macrosetae and straight posterior margin without strong macrosetae (Fig. 172). Phallobase narrow, reduced dorsally and proximally (Figs 125–127). Thailand .......................... .................................... transversosetatus sp. nov. (p. 548) - Abdominal sternite VII without transverse row of macrosetae,with strong macrosetae lateral of medioposterior emargination (Fig. 170). Phallobase normal size (Figs 122– 124). Malaysia, Thailand .................................................... ............................... obscurellus (Cameron, 1932) (p. 547) 5 Abdominal sternite VII of male with short, medioposterior macrosetae (e.g. Figs 143, 145, 149)................................ 6 - Abdominal sternite VII of male without such macrosetae .. ........................................................................................ 17 6 Phallobase large, not shorter than ventral process of aedeagus, moderately to strongly extended proximally beyond postforamen. Ventral process of aedeagus without single, submedial, ventral denticle (e.g. Figs 11–19, 29–31) ........ 7 - Phallobase vestigial, clearly shorter than ventral process of aedeagus, feebly extended proximally beyond postforamen. Ventral process of aedeagus with submedial, ventral denticle (Figs 128–142)................................................................ 15 7 MacrosetaeofmaleabdominalsterniteVIIonmedioposterior projection (Fig. 145). India, Myanmar ............................... ................................................... hermani sp. nov. (p. 511) - Macrosetae of male abdominal sternite VII in or laterad of medioposterior emargination (Fig. 143)........................... 8 8 Aedeagus with ventral lobe, without ventromedial endophallic lobe (Figs 11, 14) .......................................... 9 - Aedeagus without ventral lobe, with ventromedial endophallic lobe (e.g. Figs 29, 32, 35, 38, 95, 122) ....... 10 9 Ventral process of aedeagus not reaching apex of dorsal lobe by far (Fig. 11), in ventral view with oval apical portion three times as wide as at base (Fig. 12). Congo ................. ..................................... upembanus (Fagel, 1973) (p. 509) - Ventral process of aedeagus reaching apex of dorsal lobe (Frisch 1997: Figs 8–10), in ventral view with narrow apical portion (Frisch 1997: Fig. 8). West Palearctic ......... ........................................ pilicornis (Baudi di Selve, 1869) 10 Abdominal sternite VII of male with about six longer, medioposterior macrosetae at emarginate or straight posterior margin (Figs 149, 151, 153, 161). Abdominal sternite VIII of male with continuous subapical ridge (Figs 150, 152, 154, 162). Apical lobes of aedeagus without laterodistal setae. Ventral process narrow, not protruding over aedeagus laterally (Figs 30, 33, 39, 96).................. 11 - Abdominal sternite VII of male with four short-oval macrosetae at slight, medioposterior projection (Fig. 163). Abdominal sternite VIII of male with medially interrupted subapical ridge (Fig. 164). Apical lobes of aedeagus with laterodistal setae (Figs 104–109). Ventral process broad, protruding over aedeagus laterally (Figs 106, 109)........ 14 11 Ventral process not reaching apex of aedeagus by far (Figs 29, 30). Ventromedial endophallic lobe on both sides with endophallic spine (Figs 29, 30). India ................................ ............................................... cuccodoroi sp. nov. (p. 515) - Ventral process almost reaching or reaching apex of aedeagus (Figs 32, 38, 95). Ventromedial endophallic lobe without lateral, endophallic spines (e.g. Figs 32, 33)..... 12 12 Ventral process reaching apex of aedeagus (Figs 95–97). Ventromedial endophallic lobe hyaline, strongly bent distad, without dorsomedial tooth (Fig. 95). China, Japan. ......................................... orientasiaticus sp. nov. (p. 535) - Ventral process almost reaching apex of aedeagus (Figs 32, 38). Ventromedial endophallic lobe pointing ventrad and with dorsomedial tooth (Figs 32, 35, 38) ....................... 13 13 Ventral process of aedeagus in lateral view evenly narrowed toward slightly widened apex (Fig. 32). Ventromedial endophallic lobe with hyaline apical spine set-off sharply from sclerotized proximal portion of lobe (Fig. 32). Mainland Southeast Asia .................................................... ................................. planiusculus (Kraatz, 1859) (p. 517) - Ventral process of aedeagus with dilated median portion and clearly widened apex (Fig. 38). Ventromedial endophallic lobe with sclerotized apical spine not set-off from proximal portion of lobe (Fig. 38). Indian Subcontinent................... ................................. pokharensis (Coiffait, 1981) (p. 518) 14 Apical lobes of aedeagus in lateral view with acute apex (Fig. 104), in dorsal view long rectangular (Fig. 106). Ventromedial lobe pointed (Fig. 104). Afrotropics ............ ......................................... transafricanus sp. nov. (p. 540) - Apical lobes of aedeagus in lateral view with rounded apex (Fig. 107), in dorsal view quadrate (Fig. 109). Ventromedial lobe with round apex (Fig. 107). Tansania ......................... ............................................ manyarensis sp. nov. (p. 542) 15 Forebody nitid with coarse, spacious punctation (Fig. 3). Medioposterior macrosetae of male abdominal sternite VII short setiform, arranged in single row (Fig. 178). Ventral process of aedeagus in lateral view weakly curved distad (Fig. 134). Congo, Kenya ................................................... ............................................ caelebs (Fagel, 1973) (p. 552) - Forebody subnitid with very fine, dense punctation (cf. Figs 1–2). Medioposterior macrosetae of male abdominal sternite VII short-oval, arranged in two or three rows (Figs 174, 180). Ventral process of aedeagus in lateral view straight (Fig. 128, 137, 140). Oriental Region ............... 16 16 Medioposterior macrosetae of male abdominal sternite VII arranged in three irregular rows of numerous macrosetae (Fig. 174). Ventral process of aedeagus in lateral view with subbasal ventral denticle and wide, subparallel apical portion (Fig. 128). India .............. indicus sp. nov. (p. 549) - Medioposterior macrosetae of male sternite VII arranged as two groups of two macrosetae on lateral margins of posterior incision of sternite and group of two macrosetae shifted proximad (Fig. 180). Ventral process of aedeagus with medial ventral denticle, evenly tapered to thin apex (Figs 137, 140). Indian Subcontinent ................................. .................................................... viti Assing, 2021 (p. 553) 17 Phallobase vestigial, much shorter than ventral process of aedeagus, feebly extended beyond postforamen (Figs 186, 187). Ventral process of aedeagus with strongly dilated basal half and thin distal half (Fig. 186). Congo ................ .................................................. mabalianus (Fagel, 1973) - Phallobase not vestigial, not shorter than ventral process of aedeagus, moderately to strongly extended beyond postforamen (e.g. Figs 20–28, 41–103, 110–121). Ventral process of aedeagus different ......................................... 18 18 Phallobase without dorsomidlongitudinal split, dorsally convex (e.g. Figs 20, 22). Circoforamen short, about 0.25 times as long as phallobase proximal of that and less than twice as long as median foramen (Figs 21, 24, 27). Dorsodistal opening of phallobase projecting dorsally (Figs 20, 23, 26)....................................................................... 19 - Phallobase with dorsomidlongitudinal split, dorsally more or less collapsed (e.g. Figs 41, 44). Circoforamen longer, about 1.0–2.0 times as long as phallobase proximal of that and twice as long as median foramen at least (e.g. Figs 42, 45). Dorsodistal opening of phallobase not projecting dorsally (e.g. Figs 41, 44)............................................... 20 19 Ventral process of apical lobes longer, spiniform (Fig. 20). Congo ............................. hoyoensis (Fagel, 1973) (p. 511) - Ventral process of apical lobes shorter, lobiform (Figs 23, 26). Northern Afrotropical Region ..................................... .................................. lacustris (Bernhauer, 1937) (p. 513) 20 Medioposterior incision of male abdominal sternite VIII deep, occupying 0.5 of sternite length (Figs 166, 169) .. 21 - Medioposterior incision of male abdominal sternite VIII short, occupying 0.1–0.3 of sternite length (e.g. Figs 155– 159)................................................................................. 22 21 Ventral process of aedeagus narrower in lateral than in ventral view (Figs 113, 114, 116, 117). Nepal.................... ................................................. nepalicus sp. nov. (p. 544) - Ventral process of aedeagus wider in lateral than in ventral view (Figs 119, 120). Laos .......... cultifer sp. nov. (p. 544) 22 Dorsal lobe long, strongly sclerotized, about 0.25–0.4 times as long as aedeagus (Figs 98, 101). Ventromedial lobe directed longitudinally, without spiniform medial or distomarginal sclerotization (Figs 98, 101). Afrotropical Region............................................................................. 23 - Dorsal lobe short, less strongly sclerotized, about 0.1–0.2 times as long as aedeagus (Figs 41–91). Ventromedial lobe directed ventrally, with spiniform, medial or distomarginal sclerotization (Figs 41–91). Oriental Region ................. 24 23 Ventromedial lobe of aedeagus smooth (Fig. 98). Ventral process protruding over aedeagus laterally (Figs 99, 100). Congo ....................... brachycerus (Fauvel, 1900) (p. 537) - Ventromedial lobe of aedeagus serrate distally (Fig. 101). Ventral process not protruding over aedeagus laterally (Figs 102, 103). Northern Afrotropical Region ........................... ............................... brachyceroides (Fagel, 1973) (p. 539) 24 Spiniform sclerotization of ventromedial endophallic lobe strongly recurved dorsodistad (e.g. Figs 65, 86) ............ 25 - Spiniform sclerotization of ventromedial endophallic lobe pointing ventrad (e.g. Figs 41, 47, 56) or recurved dorsoproximad (Fig. 53)................................................ 26 25 Apical lobes of aedeagus with straight or concave ventral margin (e.g. Figs 65, 68, 71). Ventral process reaching end of apical portion of aedeagus, in lateral view straight without ventral, subapical angle (e.g. Figs 65, 68, 71). Palaeotropics................. pallidulus (Kraatz, 1859) (p. 529) - Apical lobes of aedeagus convex ventrally (Figs 86, 89). Ventral lobe protruding over apical portion of aedeagus, in lateral view with ventral, subapical angle, then slightly bent dorsad (Figs 86, 89). Philippines, Sulawesi ....................... ............................................ palliduloides sp. nov. (p. 533) 26 Spiniform sclerotization of ventromedial endophallic lobe hook-shaped, recurved dorsoproximad (Fig. 53). India ..... .............................................. rougemonti sp. nov. (p. 524) - Spiniform sclerotization of ventromedial endophallic lobe directed ventrad (e.g. Figs 41, 47, 56)............................ 27 27 Spiniform sclerotization of ventromedial endophallic lobe with median tooth (Figs 41, 44) ..................................... 28 - Spiniform sclerotization of ventromedial endophallic lobe with few, minute denticles (Figs 47, 50, 56, 59, 62) ...... 29 28 Ventral process of aedeagus in lateral view broader with less ventrad curved end (Fig. 41). Cambodia..................... ............................................. angkorensis sp. nov. (p. 520) - Ventral process of of aedeagus in lateral view narrower with more strongly ventrad curved end (Fig. 44). Myanmar...... ............................................. bhamoensis sp. nov. (p. 520) 29 Spiniform sclerotization of ventromedial endophallic lobe with thick proximal portion and thin end (Figs 47, 50)...... ........................................................................................ 30 - Spiniform sclerotization of ventromedial endophallic lobe thin throughout (Figs 56, 59, 62).................................... 31 30 Ventral process broad, in lateral view about as wide as aedeagus at same level (Fig. 47), in ventral view with arrow-shaped distal portion protruding over aedeagus laterally (Fig. 48). China .......... sagittifer sp. nov. (p. 522) - Ventral process narrow, in lateral view about half as wide as aedeagus at same level (Fig. 50), not protruding over aedeagus laterally (Fig. 51). Taiwan................................... .............................................. taiwanensis sp. nov. (p. 524) 31 Apical lobes of aedeagus with broad, almost subquadrate ventral extension and ventral group of subapical setules (Fig. 56, 57). Entire ventral process strongly laterally protruding over slender apical portion of aedeagus (Figs 57, 58). Vietnam ................. vietnamensis sp. nov. (p. 526) - Apical lobes of aedeagus with long-triangular ventral extension (Figs 59, 62) and numerous tiny, subapical, ventral setules (Figs 60, 63). Ventral process not over entire length laterally protruding over aedeagus ...................... 32 32 Ventral process protruding over aedeagus laterally (Figs 60, 61). Australia, Timor...... australasiaticus sp. nov. (p. 526) - Ventral process not protruding over aedeagus laterally (Figs 63, 64). Maluku .................... malukensis sp. nov. (p. 527) 33 Anophthalmous, endogeal and troglobitic species of Canary Islands............................................................................. 34 - Microphthalmous species of Afrotropical Region.......... 37 34 Troglobitic with slender body and remarkably lengthened appendages; head 1.7 times as long as wide (Fig. 191, Frisch & Oromí 2006: Fig. 4). Body length 5.1 mm, forebody length 2.3 mm. Ventral process of aedeagus thin, considerably protruding over dorsal lobe apically (Fig. 192). Tenerife.................... spelaeus Frisch & Oromí, 2006 - Endogeal without lengthened appendages. Body length 2.9–3.9 mm, forebody length 1.4–1.9 mm. Head 1.25–1.33 times as long as wide. Ventral process of aedeagus robust, slightly protruding over dorsal lobe apically (Aedeagus of one species unknown)..................................................... 35 35 Body medium brown to dark brown. Abdominal sternite VII of male with medioposterior macrosetae. Ventral process remarkably enlarged, not much protruding over dorsal lobe apically, in dorsal view about twice as wide as apical portion of aedeagus (Frisch & Oromí 2006: Figs 2, 5–7, 11, 12). La Gomera..................................................... .................................. subterraneus Frisch & Oromí, 2006 - Body depigmented, light yellow brown ......................... 36 36 Larger, robust species. Body length 3.6 mm, forebody length 1.9 mm. Male characters unknown (Frisch & Oromí 2006: Fig. 1). Tenerife, La Gomera (?)............................... ........................ bifossicapitatus (Outerelo & Oromí, 1987) - Smaller, delicate species. Body length 2.9–3.3 mm, forebody length 1.4–1.6 mm. Abdominal sternite VII of male with medioposterior macrosetae. Ventral process short, by far not reaching apex of apical lobe, in ventral view with slightly widened apical portion 0.7 times as wide as aedeagus at same level (Frisch & Oromí 2006: Figs 3, 8–10, 13, 14). Tenerife........................................................ ......................................... mleyneki Frisch & Oromí, 2006 37 Nuchal groove narrow, 0.28 times as wide as greatest head width (Frisch & Herman 2014: Fig. 2). Male characters unknown. Congo........................... aborensis (Fagel, 1973) - Nuchal groove wider, 0.33–0.37 times as wide as greatest head width (e.g. Fig. 4)................................................... 38 38 Phallobase not shorter than ventral process of aedeagus (Figs 92–94, 110–112). Abdominal sternite VII of male without medioposterior macrosetae................................ 39 - Phallobase vestigial, notably shorter than ventral process of aedeagus (Figs 131, 132). Abdominal sternite VII of male with medioposterior macrosetae (Fig. 176).................... 41 39 Aedeagus with normal-sized apical portion and slender, straight ventral process reaching apex of aedeagus (Fig. 92). Medioposterior incision of male abdominal sternite VIII occupying about 0.1 of sternite length (Fig. 160). Malawi .................................................. nyikensis sp. nov. (p. 535) - Apical portion of aedeagus vestigial, much shorter than strong ventral process (Figs 110, 112, 189). Medioposterior incision of male abdominal sternite VIII occupying about 0.3 of sternite length (Fig. 168) ...................................... 40 40 Apical portion of ventral process with ventrad curved apex shorter, without dorsad pointing, distolateral teeth (Fig. 110). Ruanda............................. siebertae sp. nov. (p. 542) - Apical portion of ventral process with ventrad curved apex longer and with dorsad pointing, lateral teeth (Fig. 189). Congo ............................ lwiroensis (Fagel, 1973) (p. 544) 41 Ventral process of aedeagus in lateral view narrower, slightly undulate, not tapered apically, without medioventral denticle (Frisch & Herman 2014: Figs 3–6). Tanzania ...... .................................. bartolozzii (Frisch & Herman, 2014) - Ventral process of aedeagus in lateral view wider, not undulate, with medioventral denticle ............................. 42 42 Ventral process in lateral view straight, gradually tapered toward subacute apex (Fig. 131); body surface finely punctured. Angola............................................................... ................................ subapterus (Cameron, 1951) (p. 550) - Ventral process of aedeagus in lateral view moderately curved dorsad, parallel with round apex (Fig. 188); body surface coarsely punctured (Fig. 3). Rwenzori Mountains. ................................................ ruwenzoricus (Fagel, 1973)

Published as part of Frisch, Johannes, 2025, Micranops Cameron, 1913 in the Old World. New species, redescriptions, and new records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae), pp. 500-562 in Megataxa 17 (2) on pages 506-509, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.17.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/18485817