Introduction Data Review and Archive Data review and archiving can be a time-consuming process, especially when done manually. This review report aims to help facilitate both activities. It automates the archiving of datasets, including Darwin Core archives, and is a citable backup of a version of the dataset. Additionally, an automatic review of species interaction claims made in the dataset is generated and registered with Global Biotic Interactions (J. H. Poelen, Simons, and Mungall 2014). This review includes summary statistics about, and observations about, the dataset under review : Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University - Version 162.495 https://digir.mcz.harvard.edu/ipt/archive.do?r=mczbase 2026-01-31T02:47:25.033Z hash://md5/7e66f558f6efb50d56f75765ad64738a For additional metadata related to this dataset, please visit https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/mcz and inspect associated metadata files including, but not limited to, README.md, eml.xml, and/or globi.json. Methods The review is performed through programmatic scripts that leverage tools like Preston (Elliott et al. 2025), Elton (Kuhn, Poelen, and Leinweber 2025), Nomer (Salim and Poelen 2025), globinizer (J. Poelen, Seltmann, and Mietchen 2024) combined with third-party tools like grep, mlr, tail and head. Tools used in this review process tool name version preston 0.11.1 elton 0.16.4 nomer 0.5.17 globinizer 0.4.0 mlr 6.0.0 jq 1.6 yq 4.25.3 pandoc 3.1.6.1 duckdb 1.3.1 mapserver 7.6.4 The review process can be described in the form of the script below 1. # get versioned copy of the dataset (size approx. 3.34GiB) under review elton pull globalbioticinteractions/mcz # generate review notes elton review globalbioticinteractions/mcz\ > review.tsv # export indexed interaction records elton interactions globalbioticinteractions/mcz\ > interactions.tsv # export names and align them with the Catalogue of Life using Nomer elton names globalbioticinteractions/mcz\ | nomer append col\ > name-alignment.tsv or visually, in a process diagram. Review Process Overview You can find a copy of the full review script at check-data.sh. See also GitHub and Codeberg. Results In the following sections, the results of the review are summarized 2. Then, links to the detailed review reports are provided. Files The following files are produced in this review: filename description biblio.bib list of bibliographic reference of this review check-dataset.sh data review workflow/process as expressed in a bash script data.zip a versioned archive of the data under review HEAD the digital signature of the data under review index.docx review in MS Word format index.html review in HTML format index.md review in Pandoc markdown format index.pdf review in PDF format indexed-citations.csv.gz list of distinct reference citations for reviewed species interaction claims in gzipped comma-separated values file format indexed-citations.html.gz list of distinct reference citations for reviewed species interactions claims in gzipped html file format indexed-citations.tsv.gz list of distinct reference citations for reviewed species interaction claims in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-interactions-col-family-col-family.svg network diagram showing the taxon family to taxon family interaction claims in the dataset under review as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life via Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) indexed-interactions-col-kingdom-col-kingdom.svg network diagram showing the taxon kingdom to taxon kingom interaction claims in the dataset under review as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life via Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) indexed-interactions.csv.gz species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-interactions.html.gz species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped html format indexed-interactions.tsv.gz species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-interactions.parquet species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in Apache Parquet format indexed-interactions.png species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review plotted on a map indexed-interactions.gpkg species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in GeoPackage format indexed-interactions-h3.gpkg geospatially clustered h3 species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in GeoPackage format indexed-interactions-sample.csv list of species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-interactions-sample.html first 500 species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in html format indexed-interactions-sample.tsv first 500 species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in tab-separated values format indexed-names.csv.gz taxonomic names indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in gzipped html format indexed-names.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-col.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-col.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-col.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-col.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-discoverlife.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-discoverlife.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-discoverlife.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-discoverlife.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-itis.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-itis.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-itis.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-itis.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-pbdb.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Paleobiology Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-pbdb.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Paleobiology Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-pbdb.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Paleobiology Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-pbdb.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Paleobiology Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-tpt.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Terrestrial Parasite Tracker (TPT) Taxonomic Resource as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-tpt.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Terrestrial Parasite Tracker (TPT) Taxonomic Resource as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-tpt.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Terrestrial Parasite Tracker (TPT) Taxonomic Resource as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-tpt.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Terrestrial Parasite Tracker (TPT) Taxonomic Resource as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-wfo.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World of Flora Online as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-wfo.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World of Flora Online as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-wfo.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World of Flora Online as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-wfo.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World of Flora Online as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-worms.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-worms.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-worms.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-worms.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-sample.csv first 500 taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in comma-separated values format indexed-names-sample.html first 500 taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in html format indexed-names-sample.tsv first 500 taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in tab-separated values format interaction.svg diagram summarizing the data model used to index species interaction claims nanopub-sample.trig first 500 species interaction claims as expressed in the nanopub format (Kuhn and Dumontier 2014) nanopub.trig.gz species interaction claims as expressed in the nanopub format (Kuhn and Dumontier 2014) process.svg diagram summarizing the data review processing workflow prov.nq origin of the dataset under review as expressed in rdf/nquads review.csv.gz review notes associated with the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format review.html.gz review notes associated with the dataset under review in gzipped html format review.tsv.gz review notes associated with the dataset under review in gzipped tab-separated values format review-sample.csv first 500 review notes associated with the dataset under review in comma-separated values format review-sample.html first 500 review notes associated with the dataset under review in html format review-sample.tsv first 500 review notes associated with the dataset under review in tab-separated values format review.svg a review badge generated as part of the dataset review process zenodo.json metadata of this review expressed in Zenodo record metadata Archived Dataset Note that data.zip file in this archive contains the complete, unmodified archived dataset under review. Biotic Interactions Biotic Interaction Data Model In this review, biotic interactions (or biotic associations) are modeled as a primary (aka subject, source) organism interacting with an associate (aka object, target) organism. The dataset under review classified the primary/associate organisms with specific taxa. The primary and associate organisms The kind of interaction is documented as an interaction type. The dataset under review, named globalbioticinteractions/mcz, has fingerprint hash://md5/7e66f558f6efb50d56f75765ad64738a, is 3.34GiB in size and contains 10,114 interactions with 9 unique types of associations (e.g., interactsWith) between 2,013 primary taxa (e.g., Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758) and 2,930 associated taxa (e.g., ground). An exhaustive list of indexed interaction claims can be found in gzipped csv, tsv, geopackage and parquet archives. To facilitate discovery, a preview of claims available in the gzipped html page at indexed-interactions.html.gz are shown below. The exhaustive list was used to create the following data summaries below. Sample of Indexed Interaction Claims sourceTaxonName interactionTypeName targetTaxonName referenceCitation Tropidonophis montanus (Lidth De Jeude, 1911) (Lidth De Jeude, 1911) eats MCZ:Herp:A-92499 http://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:Herp:R-142425 Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) eats MCZ:Herp:R-200746 http://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:Herp:A-109076 Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) eats MCZ:Herp:R-200745 http://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:Herp:A-109076 Pyxicephalus adspersus interactsWith duplicates of MCZ-A-20225 - 20228 are given new catalog numbers MCZ-A-154068 - 154070 02OCT2023 Tsuyoshi Takahashi http://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:Herp:A-20227 Most Frequently Mentioned Interaction Types (up to 20 most frequent) interactionTypeName count interactsWith 5883 adjacentTo 2710 hasHost 764 parasiteOf 696 eats 34 hasParasite 9 visits 9 eatenBy 8 killedBy 1 Most Frequently Mentioned Primary Taxa (up to 20 most frequent) sourceTaxonName count Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 1129 Perdita sp. Smith, 1853 536 Xylocopa darwini Cockerell, 1926 482 Camallanus Railliet & Henry, 1915 338 Subdoluseps bowringii (Günther, 1864) (Günther, 1864) 311 Symbion americanus Obst, Funch & Kristensen, 2006 208 Camponotus sp. Mayr, 1861 197 Pheidole sp. Westwood, 1839 184 Cephalochlamys Blanchard, 1908 169 Eutropis multifasciata multifasciata (Kuhl, 1820) 113 Andrena hirticincta Provancher, 1888 102 Hepialidae Stephens, 1829 94 Bdelloura candida (Girard, 1850) 65 Andrena sp. Fabricius 1775 63 Pontoniinae 60 Formicidae Latreille, 1809 57 Pheidole Westwood, 1839 54 Hylaeus modestus Say, 1837 54 Globicephala melaena (Traill, 1809) 48 Most Frequently Mentioned Associate Taxa (up to 20 most frequent) targetTaxonName count ground 437 Mites 228 Ceanothus 176 Stylopized 172 Heterotheca 141 ex rotten log 131 Solidago 121 Ophiocordyceps 94 ex dead twig 89 under 88 low vegetation 86 Mentzelia 83 Haplopappus 80 tree 60 gilled mushrooms 56 trout 54 vegetation 49 Trout 47 Chamaesaracha 46 Most Frequent Interactions between Primary and Associate Taxa (up to 20 most frequent) sourceTaxonName interactionTypeName targetTaxonName count Xylocopa darwini Cockerell, 1926 interactsWith Mites 167 Perdita sp. Smith, 1853 interactsWith Heterotheca 136 Hepialidae Stephens, 1829 interactsWith Ophiocordyceps 94 Andrena hirticincta Provancher, 1888 interactsWith Stylopized 90 Perdita sp. Smith, 1853 interactsWith Mentzelia 83 Perdita sp. Smith, 1853 interactsWith Haplopappus 77 Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 interactsWith trout 54 Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 interactsWith Trout 47 Perdita sp. Smith, 1853 interactsWith Chamaesaracha 46 Camponotus sp. Mayr, 1861 adjacentTo ground 45 Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 interactsWith sculpin 43 Lapethus newtoni Slipinski adjacentTo gilled mushrooms 40 Pseudopanurgus pauper (Cresson, 1878) interactsWith Ceanothus 40 Globicephala melaena (Traill, 1809) interactsWith Globicephala melaena (Traill, 1809) 39 Trigona ceophloei Schwarz hasHost Ex stomach of Ceoploeus lineatus 38 Perdita sp. Smith, 1853 interactsWith Solidago 38 Xylocopa darwini Cockerell, 1926 interactsWith mites 38 Crematogaster laeviuscula Mayr, 1870 adjacentTo cotton wood tree 37 Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 interactsWith Salmonids 35 Interaction Networks The figures below provide a graph view on the dataset under review. The first shows a summary network on the kingdom level, and the second shows how interactions on the family level. It is important to note that both network graphs were first aligned taxonomically using the Catalogue of Life. Please refer to the original (or verbatim) taxonomic names for a more original view on the interaction data. Interactions on taxonomic kingdom rank as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life download svg Interactions on the taxonomic family rank as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life. download svg You can download the indexed dataset under review at indexed-interactions.csv.gz. A tab-separated file can be found at indexed-interactions.tsv.gz Geospatial Distribution If geospatial information was extracted from the dataset under review, the map below will show their distribution. Hexagonal grid cells indicate that interactions claims are available for selected geospatial area: light yellow means relatively fewer claims, dark green relatively more claims. Associated data can be found in the geopackage files at indexed-interactions.gpkg for point data and indexed-interactions-h3.gpkg for data clustered in geospatial h3 hexagonals. Learn more about the structure of this download at GloBI website, by opening a GitHub issue, or by sending an email. Another way to discover the dataset under review is by searching for it on the GloBI website. Taxonomic Alignment As part of the review, all names are aligned against various name catalogs (e.g., col, ncbi, discoverlife, gbif, itis, wfo, mdd, tpt, pbdb, and worms). These alignments can help review name usage or aid in selecting of a suitable taxonomic name resource. Sample of Name Alignments providedName relationName resolvedCatalogName resolvedName Triungulin NONE col Triungulin Pungitius HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME col Pungitius Salmonids NONE col Salmonids High plants NONE col High plants Distribution of Taxonomic Ranks of Aligned Names by Catalog. Names that were not aligned with a catalog are counted as NAs. So, the total number of unaligned names for a catalog will be listed in their NA row. resolvedCatalogName resolvedRank count col NA 1610 col class 6 col family 68 col genus 387 col infraorder 1 col infraspecific name 1 col kingdom 1 col order 6 col phylum 2 col section 1 col species 1510 col subfamily 6 col subgenus 6 col suborder 1 col subspecies 56 col superfamily 1 col tribe 1 col variety 7 discoverlife NA 3301 discoverlife species 352 gbif NA 1347 gbif class 6 gbif family 72 gbif genus 430 gbif kingdom 2 gbif order 6 gbif phylum 2 gbif species 1732 gbif subspecies 67 gbif variety 12 itis NA 1825 itis class 6 itis family 66 itis genus 361 itis infraorder 1 itis kingdom 1 itis order 6 itis phylum 2 itis species 1315 itis subclass 1 itis subfamily 5 itis suborder 1 itis subspecies 51 itis superfamily 1 itis tribe 1 itis variety 12 mdd NA 3652 ncbi NA 1955 ncbi class 7 ncbi family 64 ncbi genus 377 ncbi infraorder 2 ncbi order 6 ncbi phylum 2 ncbi species 1213 ncbi subfamily 4 ncbi subgenus 12 ncbi subspecies 19 ncbi superfamily 1 ncbi tribe 1 ncbi varietas 2 pbdb NA 3242 pbdb class 8 pbdb family 57 pbdb genus 218 pbdb informal 1 pbdb infraorder 1 pbdb kingdom 1 pbdb order 6 pbdb phylum 2 pbdb species 113 pbdb subclass 1 pbdb subfamily 2 pbdb suborder 1 pbdb superfamily 1 pbdb tribe 1 pbdb unranked clade 1 tpt NA 3592 tpt genus 4 tpt species 56 wfo NA 3312 wfo family 4 wfo genus 131 wfo phylum 1 wfo species 194 wfo subspecies 5 wfo variety 8 worms NA 2916 worms class 6 worms family 56 worms genus 246 worms infraorder 1 worms kingdom 1 worms order 6 worms phylum 2 worms species 410 worms subclass 1 worms subfamily 2 worms subgenus 1 worms suborder 1 worms subspecies 4 worms superfamily 1 worms variety 1 Name relationship types per catalog. Name relationship type "NONE" means that a name was not recognized by the associated catalog. "SAME_AS" indicates either a "HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME" or "SYNONYM_OF" name relationship type. We recognize that "SYNONYM_OF" encompasses many types of nomenclatural synonymies resolvedCatalogName relationName count col NONE 2715 col HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 1997 col SYNONYM_OF 418 discoverlife NONE 4532 discoverlife HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 332 discoverlife SYNONYM_OF 114 discoverlife HOMONYM_OF 24 gbif NONE 2443 gbif HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 2503 gbif SYNONYM_OF 618 itis NONE 2934 itis HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 1824 itis SYNONYM_OF 153 mdd NONE 4842 mdd HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 17 ncbi NONE 3087 ncbi SAME_AS 1748 ncbi SYNONYM_OF 76 ncbi COMMON_NAME_OF 5 pbdb NONE 4382 pbdb HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 475 pbdb SYNONYM_OF 44 tpt NONE 4793 tpt HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 68 tpt SYNONYM_OF 1 wfo NONE 4484 wfo SYNONYM_OF 101 wfo HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 314 wfo HAS_UNCHECKED_NAME 55 worms NONE 4061 worms HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 761 worms SYNONYM_OF 135 List of Available Name Alignment Reports catalog name alignment results col associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) ncbi associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) discoverlife associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) gbif associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) itis associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) wfo associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) mdd associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) tpt associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) pbdb associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) worms associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) Additional Reviews Elton, Nomer, and other tools may have difficulties interpreting existing species interaction datasets. Or, they may misbehave, or otherwise show unexpected behavior. As part of the review process, detailed review notes are kept that document possibly misbehaving, or confused, review bots. An sample of review notes associated with this review can be found below. First few lines in the review notes. reviewDate reviewCommentType reviewComment 2026-02-02T13:41:34Z note found unresolved reference [MCZ:Cryo:14052] 2026-02-02T13:41:34Z note found unresolved reference [MCZ:Cryo:14068] 2026-02-02T13:41:34Z note found unresolved reference [MCZ:Cryo:14075] 2026-02-02T13:41:34Z note found unresolved reference [MCZ:Cryo:14076] In addition, you can find the most frequently occurring notes in the table below. Most frequently occurring review notes, if any. reviewComment count found unresolved reference [MCZ:Cryo:14052] 1 found unresolved reference [MCZ:Cryo:14068] 1 found unresolved reference [MCZ:Cryo:14075] 1 found unresolved reference [MCZ:Cryo:14076] 1 For additional information on review notes, please have a look at the first 500 Review Notes in html format or the download full gzipped csv or tsv archives. GloBI Review Badge As part of the review, a review badge is generated. This review badge can be included in webpages to indicate the review status of the dataset under review. Picture of a GloBI Review Badge 3 Note that if the badge is green, no review notes were generated. If the badge is yellow, the review bots may need some help with interpreting the species interaction data. GloBI Index Badge If the dataset under review has been registered with GloBI, and has been succesfully indexed by GloBI, the GloBI Index Status Badge will turn green. This means that the dataset under review was indexed by GloBI and is available through GloBI services and derived data products. Picture of a GloBI Index Badge 4 If you'd like to keep track of reviews or index status of the dataset under review, please visit GloBI's dataset index 5 for badge examples. Discussion This review and archive provides a means of creating citable versions of datasets that change frequently. This may be useful for dataset managers, including natural history collection data managers, as a backup archive of a shared Darwin Core archive. It also serves as a means of creating a trackable citation for the dataset in an automated way, while also including some information about the contents of the dataset. This review aims to provide a perspective on the dataset to aid in understanding of species interaction claims discovered. However, it is important to note that this review does not assess the quality of the dataset. Instead, it serves as an indication of the open-ness6 and FAIRness (Wilkinson et al. 2016; Trekels et al. 2023) of the dataset: to perform this review, the data was likely openly available, Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable. The current Open-FAIR assessment is qualitative, and a more quantitative approach can be implemented with specified measurement units. This report also showcases the reuse of machine-actionable (meta)data, something highly recommended by the FAIR Data Principles (Wilkinson et al. 2016). Making (meta)data machine-actionable enables more precise procesing by computers, enabling even naive review bots like Nomer and Elton to interpret the data effectively. This capability is crucial for not just automating the generation of reports, but also for facilitating seamless data exchanges, promoting interoperability. Acknowledgements We thank the many humans that created us and those who created and maintained the data, software and other intellectual resources that were used for producing this review. In addition, we are grateful for the natural resources providing the basis for these human and bot activities. Also, thanks to https://github.com/zygoballus for helping improve the layout of the review tables. Author contributions Nomer was responsible for name alignments. Elton carried out dataset extraction, and generated the review notes. Preston tracked, versioned, and packaged, the dataset under review. References Elliott, Michael, Jorrit Poelen, Icaro Alzuru, Emilio Berti, and partha04patel. 2025. "Bio-Guoda/Preston: 0.10.5." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14662206. ICZN. 1999. "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature." The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK. https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-code-online/. Kuhn, Tobias, and Michel Dumontier. 2014. "Trusty URIs: Verifiable, Immutable, and Permanent Digital Artifacts for Linked Data." In The Semantic Web: Trends and Challenges, edited by Valentina Presutti, Claudia d'Amato, Fabien Gandon, Mathieu d'Aquin, Steffen Staab, and Anna Tordai, 395–410. Cham: Springer International Publishing. Kuhn, Tobias, Jorrit Poelen, and Katrin Leinweber. 2025. "Globalbioticinteractions/Elton: 0.15.1." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14927734. Poelen, Jorrit H. (ed.). 2024. "Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources Hash://Sha256/ B60c0d25a16ae77b24305782017b1a270b79b5d1746f832650 F2027ba536e276 Hash://Md5/17f1363a277ee0e4ecaf1b91c665e47e." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12695629. Poelen, Jorrit H., James D. Simons, and Chris J. Mungall. 2014. "Global Biotic Interactions: An Open Infrastructure to Share and Analyze Species-Interaction Datasets." Ecological Informatics 24 (November): 148–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2014.08.005. Poelen, Jorrit, Katja Seltmann, and Daniel Mietchen. 2024. "Globalbioticinteractions/Globinizer: 0.4.0." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10647565. Salim, José Augusto, and Jorrit Poelen. 2025. "Globalbioticinteractions/Nomer: 0.5.15." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14893840. Trekels, Maarten, Debora Pignatari Drucker, José Augusto Salim, Jeff Ollerton, Jorrit Poelen, Filipi Miranda Soares, Max Rünzel, Muo Kasina, Quentin Groom, and Mariano Devoto. 2023. "WorldFAIR Project (D10.1) Agriculture-related pollinator data standards use cases report." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8176978. Wilkinson, Mark D., Michel Dumontier, IJsbrand Jan Aalbersberg, Gabrielle Appleton, Myles Axton, Arie Baak, Niklas Blomberg, et al. 2016. "The FAIR Guiding Principles for Scientific Data Management and Stewardship." Scientific Data 3 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18. Note that you have to first get the data (e.g., via elton pull globalbioticinteractions/mcz) before being able to generate reviews (e.g., elton review globalbioticinteractions/mcz), extract interaction claims (e.g., elton interactions globalbioticinteractions/mcz), or list taxonomic names (e.g., elton names globalbioticinteractions/mcz)↩︎ Disclaimer: The results in this review should be considered friendly, yet naive, notes from an unsophisticated robot. Please keep that in mind when considering the review results.↩︎ Up-to-date status of the GloBI Review Badge can be retrieved from the GloBI Review Depot↩︎ Up-to-date status of the GloBI Index Badge can be retrieved from GloBI's API↩︎ At time of writing (2026-02-02) the version of the GloBI dataset index was available at https://globalbioticinteractions.org/datasets↩︎ According to http://opendefinition.org/: "Open data is data that can be freely used, re-used and redistributed by anyone - subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and sharealike."↩︎

Life on Earth is sustained by complex interactions between organisms and their environment. These biotic interactions can be captured in datasets and published digitally. We present a review and archiving process for such an openly accessible digital interactions dataset of known origin and discuss its outcome. The dataset under review, named globalbioticinteractions/mcz, has fingerprint hash://md5/7e66f558f6efb50d56f75765ad64738a, is 3.34GiB in size and contains 10,114 interactions with 9 unique types of associations (e.g., interactsWith) between 2,013 primary taxa (e.g., Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758) and 2,930 associated taxa (e.g., ground). This report includes detailed summaries of interaction data, a taxonomic review from multiple catalogs, and an archived version of the dataset from which the reviews are derived.