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ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Comportamiento electroquímico de la amlodipina

Electrochemical behavior of amlodipine
Authors: Martínez, Yris; Calderón Sánchez, Viery Josué; Ayala, Carlos; Hernández, Ricardo; Laguna Varela, Alexander; Mendez Pereira, Fernando Jose;

Comportamiento electroquímico de la amlodipina

Abstract

El comportamiento electroquímico de la amlodipina se estudió mediante voltamperometría cíclica con un electrodo de carbón vítreo inmerso en una solución de amlodipina de 0,4 mg/mL en tampón fosfato. Se determinó que el proceso de oxidación de la amlodipina está controlado por difusión, con una adsorción significativa del producto oxidado sobre la superficie del electrodo. Los resultados muestran una clara dependencia del potencial de pico anódico con el pH, identificando tres regiones lineales que reflejan distintos mecanismos de oxidación. En el rango de pH de 2,14 a 4,00, el proceso está dominado por una transferencia electrónica inicial sin desprotonación. En el rango de pH de 5,5 a 8,2, se observa una transferencia acoplada de un electrón y un protón. En el rango básico de pH de 9,00 a 12,40, la desprotonación previa facilita la oxidación. El estudio cinético revela un comportamiento irreversible con un único pico anódico, atribuido a la formación de un anillo aromático estable. El coeficiente de transferencia de carga a = 0,70 ± 0,04 indica una asimetría energética favorable que favorece la oxidación de la amlodipina. Estos hallazgos la posicionan como una excelente candidata para aplicaciones electroanalíticas, en particular en el desarrollo de sensores voltamétricos sensibles y selectivos.

The electrochemical behavior of amlodipine was studied using cyclic voltammetry with a glassy carbon electrode immersed in a 0.4 mg/mL amlodipine solution in phosphate buffer. It was determined that the oxidation process of amlodipine is diffusion-controlled, with significant adsorption of the oxidized product onto the electrode surface. The results show a clear dependence of the anodic peak potential on pH, identifying three linear regions that reflect distinct oxidation mechanisms. In the pH range of 2.14–4.00, the process is dominated by an initial electron transfer without deprotonation. In the range of 5.5–8.2, a coupled transfer of one electron and one proton is observed. In the basic range of pH 9.00–12.40, prior deprotonation facilitates oxidation. The kinetic study reveals an irreversible behavior with a single anodic peak, attributed to the formation of a stable aromatic ring. The charge transfer coefficient a = 0.70 ± 0.04 indicates a favorable energetic asymmetry that enhances the oxidation of amlodipine. These findings position amlodipine as an excellent candidate for electroanalytical applications, particularly in the development of sensitive and selective voltammetric sensors.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Amlodipino, Aromatización oxidativa, Bloqueadores de los canales de calcio, Enfermedades cardíacas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average