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Article . 2026
License: CC BY SA
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY SA
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY SA
Data sources: Datacite
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Cosa resta dell'università Italiana dopo un quindicennio di riforme?

What remains of the Italian university after fifteen years of reforms?
Authors: Baccini, Alberto;

Cosa resta dell'università Italiana dopo un quindicennio di riforme?

Abstract

Questo articolo presenta un'analisi critica degli effetti a lungo termine della Riforma Gelmini (L. 240/2010) sul sistema universitario italiano. La riforma ha introdotto un modello di governance manageriale incentrato su un sistema pervasivo di valutazione amministrativa, gestito dall'Agenzia Nazionale di Valutazione del sistema Universitario e della Ricerca (ANVUR) e basato principalmente su indicatori bibliometrici quantitativi. L'evidenza empirica dimostra che questo modello ha generato tre principali conseguenze negative: 1) una compressione selettiva e cumulativa dei finanziamenti, che ha accentuato le disparità geografiche; 2) la precarizzazione strutturale del personale accademico; e 3) la proliferazione di comportamenti opportunistici strategici all'interno della comunità di ricerca. Contrariamente alla narrazione ufficiale, il documentato aumento della produttività scientifica italiana viene analizzato criticamente. I dati indicano che questa crescita è in larga parte artificiale, trainata da un patologico aumento delle autocitazioni nazionali finalizzato a "giocare" il sistema di valutazione, piuttosto che da un reale progresso scientifico. L'articolo conclude che la riforma ha finito per minare la libertà accademica e l'integrità della ricerca, auspicando una revisione radicale dell'attuale sistema di valutazione.

This article presents a critical analysis of the long-term effects of the 2010 Gelmini reform on the Italian higher education system. The reform introduced a managerial governance model centered on a pervasive system of administrative evaluation, managed by the National Agency for the Evaluation of the University and Research System (ANVUR) and based primarily on quantitative bibliometric indicators. Empirical evidence reveals that this model has generated three major negative outcomes: 1) selective and cumulative compression of funding, exacerbating geographical disparities; 2) structural precarization of the academic workforce; and 3) the proliferation of strategic opportunistic behaviors within the research community. Contrary to official narratives, the documented surge in Italy's scientific output is critically examined. Evidence indicates this growth is largely artificial, driven by a pathological increase in national self-citations designed to game the evaluation system, rather than signifying genuine scientific advancement. The article concludes that the reform has ultimately undermined academic freedom and research integrity, calling for a radical overhaul of the current evaluation framework.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Riforma universitaria; Valutazione della ricerca; Bibliometria; Finanziamento premiale; Precariato accademico; Italia; ANVUR

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average