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ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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El Espejismo de la Riqueza: Síntomas y Consecuencias del Modelo Económico Boliviano

The Mirage of Wealth: Symptoms and Consequences of the Bolivian Economic Model
Authors: Rocha-Balboa, José M.;

El Espejismo de la Riqueza: Síntomas y Consecuencias del Modelo Económico Boliviano

Abstract

Este trabajo interpreta el desempeño del modelo económico boliviano entre 2004 y 2025. La literatura macroeconómica moderna permite identificar sus principales estímulos y límites, entre ellos la doble subvención a la mano de obra y al carburante, junto a proteccionismos industriales orientados a dinamizar el aparato privado. Pese a una fase inicial de bonanza (2004–2014), sustentada en un patrón primario-exportador, subsidios generalizados y un tipo de cambio fijo respaldado por Reservas Internacionales Netas, el modelo no se tradujo en inversión productiva ni en transformaciones estructurales. El concepto de Espejismo de la Riqueza permite explicar cómo elevados niveles de consumo y acumulación de capital coexistieron con una débil diversificación productiva. En un contexto de desconfianza institucional, los agentes económicos priorizaron el ahorro precautorio, la fuga de capitales y la canalización de excedentes hacia sectores de retornos de corto plazo, como la banca, la agroindustria, la minería y el sector inmobiliario.

This study examines the performance of the Bolivian economic model between 2004 and 2025. Modern macroeconomic literature allows for the identification of its principal drivers and constraints, among them the dual subsidy on labor and fuel, alongside industrial protectionist measures aimed at invigorating the private sector. Despite an initial phase of prosperity (2004–2014), sustained by a primary-export pattern, widespread subsidies, and a fixed exchange rate backed by Net International Reserves, the model did not translate into productive investment or structural transformation. The concept of the Mirage of Wealth helps to explain how elevated levels of consumption and capital accumulation coexisted with weak productive diversification. Within a context of institutional distrust, economic agents prioritized precautionary savings, capital flight, and the allocation of surpluses toward sectors yielding short-term returns, such as banking, agribusiness, mining, and real estate

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Keywords

Modelo Económico,, Confianza institucional,, Política cambiaria,, Estancamiento Económico,

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green