Sustainable health systems depend heavily on a competent, motivated, and continuously evolving nursing workforce. Nursing management and health policy play central roles in shaping training frameworks, professional development pathways, and workforce retention strategies. Over the past decade, global healthcare systems have increasingly recognized that investment in nurses’ education and skill development is not merely a human resource function but a core policy priority that directly influences service quality, patient safety, and system resilience. This article examines the impact of nursing training and professional development policies on health system sustainability, focusing on four key dimensions: continuous nursing education, government qualification policies, workforce retention, and service quality improvement. Drawing on recent peer-reviewed literature and international policy reports, the study highlights how structured learning systems, supportive regulatory frameworks, and career development opportunities contribute to stronger healthcare outcomes. Challenges such as funding constraints, workload pressures, and unequal access to training are also discussed. The article concludes with evidence-based policy recommendations aimed at strengthening nursing workforce development as a foundation for sustainable healthcare systems.