This cross-sectional analytical study aims to evaluate the level of economic viability of the Communal Unions of Health Mutual Societies of the Association for Social Protection, through their mutual societies in the North, Center, and South regions of Benin, in 2015. A documentary analysis was conducted on four Communal Unions of the association (Bembèrèkè, Dassa-Zoumè, Zogodomey, and Abomey-Calavi). All the communal unions of the association and the Health Mutual Societies (HMS) of the North (HMS of Gamia and Bembèrèkè Center) and two from the Center (HMS of Kèrè and Dassa-Zoumè Center) had a good level of economic viability in 2015. Consequently, only the Communal Union of the North and its Health Mutual Societies selected for this research achieved a good level of economic viability.