This repository contains curated datasets, metadata, and reproducible R scripts supporting a manuscript on ecological stability, biogeographic structure, and socio-ecological adaptive capacity in Chilean small-scale fisheries (2015–2022). The analyses are based on administrative landings records from the Chilean National Fisheries Service (SERNAPESCA), filtered to benthic species harvested by small-scale vessels operating in nearshore coastal systems. The dataset includes anonymized vessel-level landings, derived fishing effort metrics, and municipality-level socio-ecological variables grouped into five adaptive capacity dimensions (Agency, Assets, Flexibility, Learning, Social organization), together with all R scripts required to reproduce the analyses.