Meningococcal infection is one of the most severe, rapidly progressing, and life-threatening diseases in children. This study focuses on the clinical manifestations of meningococcal infection, its early diagnosis, modern treatment methods, and preventive measures. In addition, the main principles of care for children affected by meningococcal infection, immunization approaches, and epidemiological control methods are discussed. Early diagnosis and effective prevention significantly reduce mortality and complication rates among children.