General Information This dataset provides a comprehensive compilation of plant chromosome numbers published in the journal Flora Mediterranea. This work is part of the ChromoDB project, an initiative to build a global, Open Access, curated, and updated database of plant cytogenetics. The objective of this specific dataset is to offer researchers easy and structured access to data published in one of the most significant chromosome count series for the Mediterranean region, thereby facilitating its reuse in studies of systematics, evolution, and biodiversity conservation. Scope and Coverage It is essential to note that this dataset (version 1.0) exclusively comprises counts published within the recurrent monographic series "Mediterranean chromosome number reports" from the journal Flora Mediterranea. Chromosome counts that may appear in other general articles (e.g., taxonomic revisions, floristic studies) within the same journal are not included in this version. The inclusion of this additional data is planned for future updates to the ChromoDB project. For a complete and detailed description of the dataset, its structure, and the data schema, please consult the `README_Flora_Mediterranea.pdf` file available in the "Files" section below.