Xanthosa Grishin, gen. n. http://zoobank.org/ 64F97B84-97DC-434D-BAD9-B4474BFDAF50 Type species: Charmona xanthosa Stichel, 1910. Diagnosis. A sister genus to Sertania Callaghan & Kaminski, 2017, differing from it by it by almost evenly convex outer margin of forewing, instead of shallow-W-shaped margin, concave around forewing middle in all Sertania species; by more uniform orange-brown wing ground color, both above and below, and similar pattern of spots between ventral hindwing and forewing, instead of 3-toned (darker orange, paler yellowish-orange and brown) wings in Sertania with ventral hindwing patterned differently from forewing; and by prominent dark submarginal spots on wings above and below (Fig. 2 e-g). In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic: nuclear genome: cne658.3.1:T1835C, cne29742.2.1:T1372C, cne8287.9.1:A925T, cne4342.2.1:C323G, cne29742.2.1: C767G; COI barcode region: A46C, C83C (not T), T121C, T190A, A205C, T278C, A346C, T391A, and T595C. Derivation of the name. The name is a feminine noun in the nominative singular. Echoes the type species name. Species included: Only the type species. Parent taxon: Tribe Sertaniini Seraphim, Freitas, & Kaminski, 2018. Furthermore, and to our surprise, Emesis elegia Stichel, 1929, for which we sequenced primary type specimens (Fig. 2 i-k), was not allied to Emesis. Genomic phylogeny placed this species away from all other Riodininae, right at the point of rapid diversification of the subfamily and not associating it with any tribe. Although E. elegia has a general appearance of Emesis, it differs from it by extensive pale overscaling at the wing bases below not present in any Emesis species. Also, hindwing has nearly rectangular shape in females, different from Emesis. Instead of being related to Emesis, genomics revealed another surprise. Sequencing of the Lasaia lalannei Gallard, 2008 holotype (Fig. 2l) revealed its close similarity to E. elegia, but the lack of association with Lasaia H. Bates, 1868 (Fig. 1). As discussed in the original publication (Gallard 2008), genitalia of L. lalannei do not agree with the placement of this species in Lasaia. To accommodate these differences and similarities, a new genus is proposed for these species here.

Published as part of Zhang, Jing, Shen, Jinhui, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V., 2019, Genomic analysis of the tribe Emesidini (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), pp. 475-488 in Zootaxa 4668 (4) on pages 481-482, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4668.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/3449862