This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence of deforming osteoarthritis (DOA) in the Surxondaryo region and the local risk factors influencing its development. The study was conducted with consideration of the region’s climatic, socio-economic, and demographic characteristics. Based on the analysis of clinical and statistical data, as well as outpatient and inpatient medical records, the distribution of DOA by age, gender, and occupational groups was determined. In addition, the impact of local risk factors such as the severity of physical labor, excess body weight, improper nutrition, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, climatic conditions, and delayed diagnosis on the progression of the disease was assessed. The findings indicate the necessity of strengthening preventive measures within the regional healthcare system.