Introduction: Adolescence is a transformative period marked by heightened vulnerability to mental health issues. Nearly, one in four of Indian adolescents is affected particularly in urban settings where academic stress, digital exposure and social isolation play critical roles. However, these often remain largely undiagnosed due to socio-cultural stigma and limited access to mental health services in schools. Despite this, adequate epidemiological data from rapidly urbanizing regions such as Gurugram remain scarce. Aims & Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among school going adolescents and identify the associated socio-demographic, family and lifestyle correlates. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 116 students (classes IX-X) from two randomly selected private schools of Gurugram using systematic random sampling. A pretested structured questionnaire was administered and depression & anxiety were screened using validated PHQ-9 and GAD-7 tools respectively. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 30 with bivariate tests and multivariable logistic regression. Model fit was evaluated with Nagelkerke R² and Hosmer–Lemeshow tests. Results: The prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 ≥5) was 44% and anxiety (GAD-7 ≥8) was 28%. The mean PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores were 7.2 ± 5.1 and 6.4 ± 4.6respectively. Significant predictors of depression were low parental education (mother AOR 5.2; father AOR 5.8), lower SES (AOR 2.9), <1-hour outdoor activity/day (AOR 2.7), ≥4 hours screen time/day (AOR 4.8), poor academic performance (AOR 7.2), family pressure (AOR 2.5), and substance abuse in the family (AOR 4.6). For anxiety, strongest predictors included low maternal & paternal education (AOR 6.4; 7.2), lower socioeconomic status (AOR 3.9), <1-hour outdoor activity/day (AOR 3.4), poor marks (AOR 6.5) and substance abuse (AOR 8.5). Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent among urban school going adolescents underscoring the imperative need for targeted school-based screening, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and family-centered interventions to mitigate the modifiable determinants.