The article analyzes theoretical and methodological approaches to improving the accounting of financial assets in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Special attention is paid to the classification, recognition, measurement, and disclosure principles of financial assets in global accounting practice. The study examines the impact of IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments”, IFRS 7 “Financial Instruments: Disclosures” and IAS 32 “Financial Instruments: Presentation” on enhancing transparency and reliability in financial reporting. Practical recommendations for harmonizing national accounting systems with IFRS requirements are provided.