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QROCODILE and the Limits of Sub-MeV Dark Matter

Advances in detection; impossibilities in cosmology
Authors: Salisbury, Ian;

QROCODILE and the Limits of Sub-MeV Dark Matter

Abstract

Description This paper provides a critical assessment of the 2025 QROCODILE experiment, which employs superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors to probe sub-eV energy deposits from hypothetical sub-MeV dark-matter particles. QROCODILE achieves exceptional technical sensitivity but reports no excess events above background. The analysis presented here places this null result in the wider context of laboratory dark-matter searches and standard cosmology. Particles in the tens-of-keV mass range cannot seed early structure, satisfy phase-space bounds, or reproduce the observed matter power spectrum; they are therefore cosmologically excluded long before laboratory tests begin. QROCODILE’s constraints reinforce this conclusion and exemplify a broader pattern: experiments continue to advance, but the particulate model does not converge on a viable candidate. The paper also notes, in passing, that persistent null results motivate consideration of non-particulate frameworks, including geometric approaches. A related example is The Time-Symmetric Parity Constraint Suite (Zenodo, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17456148), which interprets cosmological anomalies as consequences of a structural constraint on the spacetime metric rather than unseen matter. No knowledge of such alternatives is required here; the reference is provided for context only. Revisions and Amendments v.2 This revision clarifies the interpretation of the QROCODILE null result by noting that the published analysis relies on an assumed Galactic-halo model despite detecting no excess events. Minor textual refinements have been made to the abstract and introduction to reflect this and to strengthen the distinction between technical sensitivity and cosmological relevance.

Keywords

TSPC, self-interacting dark matter, Particle physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics and Cosmology, dark matter, SIDM, Physical sciences, Condensed Matter and Materials Science, Physical cosmology, Phenomenology, QROCODILE, superconducting nanowire detectors, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Detectors

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green