Abstract In the developing country India Road networks and transportaton have expanded rapidly in recent decades, increasing interactions between humans and wildlife. Human beings are totally depends on natural resources for their survival value and degradation of wildlife habitat resulted in conflict. One major consequence is road kill the accidental killing of animals due to vehicle collisions. This study explores the factors contributing to wildlife mortality on roads, including habitat fragmentation, traffic density, animal behavior, and seasonal movement. It also examines and evaluate ecological impacts and proposes scientifically supported mitigation measures such as wildlife crossings, fencing, signage, and community awareness. The research highlights the urgent need for integrated conservation strategies to reduce animal deaths and maintain ecological balance for sustainable development.