This article presents a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of satellite navigation, focusing on the principles of signal transit time determination and the operational characteristics of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. The study classifies GNSS/GPS receivers according to their positional accuracy and examines the primary sources of errors that affect coordinate determination. A step-by-step methodology for processing GNSS observation data using the GAMIT-GLOBK software package is described in detail. The research results represent the first application of the GAMIT-GLOBK processing framework for high-precision GNSS data analysis in Uzbekistan. The processed and analyzed GNSS measurements demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for monitoring endogenous geological processes and for the rapid assessment of deformation in highly stressed rock masses within seismically active regions. The findings highlight the importance of high-precision GNSS data processing for hazard assessment, risk mitigation, and the protection of population and infrastructure from dangerous natural phenomena. Furthermore, the study contributes to improving regional seismic safety and supports the development of geodetic monitoring systems for geodynamic investigations.