
Resume : Le paradigme de l’informatique quantique a historiquement repos´e sur le bit quantique binaire, ou qubit, pour ses calculs. Ce travail propose une analyse approfondie du passage d’un systeme `a deux ´etats vers un syst`eme `a trois ´etats, le qutrit. En nous appuyant sur des principes fondamentaux de la m´ecanique quantique, nous explorons comment ce formalisme ternaire enrichit la repr´esentation des syst`emes quantiques complexes, notamment ceux impliquant le principe d’exclusion de Pauli et des ´etats de superposition plus denses. A travers une m´ethodologie combinant des `approches algebriques et g´eom´etriques, nous d´emontrons l’encodage d’un message simple en qutrits et discutons de la robustesse accrue qui en d´ecoule. Cette robustesse se manifeste par une meilleure tolerance aux erreurs, une s´ecurit´e cryptographique renforc´ee et un potentiel d’augmentation de la puissance de calcul.Mots-cles : Qutrit, codage ternaire, principe d’exclusion de Pauli, superposition quantique, calcul quantique, robustesse, cryptographie, correction d’erreur, division euclidienne, espace de Hilbert.
Abstract : The paradigm of quantum computing has historically relied on the binary quantum bit, or qubit, for its calculations. This work provides an in-depth analysis of the transition from a two-state system to a three-state system, the qutrit. Drawing on fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, we explore how this ternary formalism enriches the representation of complex quantum systems, particularly those involving the Pauli exclusion principle and denser superposition states. Through a methodology combining algebraic and geometric approaches, we demonstrate the encodingof a simple message in qutrits and discuss the increased robustness that results. This robustness manifests as improved error tolerance, enhanced cryptographic security, and potential increases in computational power.Keywords : Qutrit, ternary coding, Pauli exclusion principle, quantum superposition, quantum computing, robustness, cryptography, error correction, euclidean division, Hilbert space
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