We propose a mathematical framework in which the phenomenological structure of consciousness is modeled through three fundamental binary distinctions. This modeling choice leads naturally to an eight-dimensional state space whose projective structure is isomorphic to the Fano plane P2(F2). We demonstrate that the algebra of operations on this structure is uniquely given by the octonions O, whose automorphism group is the exceptional Lie group G2. This work is novel in deriving the octonionic structure from phenomenological analysis of consciousness rather than postulating it for purely physical reasons. Under the hypothesis of algebraic idealism—that this consciousness algebra is ontologically fundamental to physical reality—we explore the consequences for particle physics, deriving a G2 gauge theory whose symmetry breaking yields SU(3) color symmetry and suggests an emergent electroweak sector. The framework makes specific, falsifiable predictions including: (1) proton decay predominantly to e+π0 with lifetime τp ∼1034±1 years, (2) seven independent components in neural correlates of consciousness accounting for 95 ±3% of variance, (3) non-associative temporal binding in psychological experiments, and (4) unique gauge coupling unification patterns. While the detailed derivation of the Standard Model from G2 remains future work, the mathematical framework is complete and suggests deep connections between con- sciousness studies and fundamental physics.