Seven new species of Chiasmini are described, some of which, in combination with generic synonymies included here, substantially extend the known ranges of their genera. The new species are Pratura ceylona sp.nov. from Sri Lanka, Leofa thompsoni sp.nov. from Rwanda and Uganda, L. kumasamba sp.nov. from Zambia, L. pedunculata sp.nov. fromthe Democratic Republic of Congo, L. palearctica sp.nov. from Spain, Exitianus ghaurii sp.nov. from South Africa, and E. apophysisiosus sp.nov. from Madagascar. The classification of Chiasmini is reviewed. Some new characters defining the tribe are described, and of particular importance are those of the female genitalia. A description of the tribe and a list of included genera are provided. Baileyus Pruthi and Gurawa Distant are transferred from Aphrodini to Chiasmini. Leofa Distant 1918 is transferred from Stenometopiini to Chiasmini, and Oneratulus Vilbaste 1975, Prasutagus Distant 1918, and Tortotettix Theron 1982 are considered junior synonyms of Leofa. Leofa is interpreted to include four subgenera: the nominotypical subgenus, Prasutagus, Tortotettix, and Edmundiana subgen.nov. Pratura Theron 1982 is transferred from Deltocephalini to Chiasmini, and Doraturella Emeljanov 2002 is considered a junior synonym. Picchusteles Linnavuori and DeLong, originally included in Macrostelini, is included in Chiasmini. A checklist of the 323 species and subspecies in the tribe, including partial information on distribution and holotype depositories, is provided.