This study was on economic viability and determinants of orange flesh sweet potato production in Anambra state. Majority of the farmers are male (75.0%), with average age of 52.03 years. Marital status, farming experience, education qualifications, household size, and farm size further characterize the demographic landscape, emphasizing the prevalence of smallholding practices. The study's financial analysis reveals a positive Return on Investment (ROI) of 79%, affirming the profitability of sweet flesh orange potato production. This cost and returns analysis provide valuable insights into the financial performance, serving as a foundation for informed decision-making among farmers and policymakers. Regression results uncover significant factors affecting orange flesh sweet potato production, including farm size, age, household size, education, and access to credit, all contributing positively to production. The study also identifies socioeconomic characteristics positively impacting output, including education, farm size, and extension contacts. The model's strength, which explained 79% of profit variability, showed how important these factors are in determining economic outcomes. Overall, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of orange flesh sweet production dynamics, offering actionable insights for sustainable agricultural development in the study area. The study recommended that there is need to improve soil fertility by using blended fertilizer or organic manure to ensure sufficient N, P, and K. And also to establish or support vine multiplication schemes locally to reduce cost and improve profitability.