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ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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A Discrete Relational Framework Without Fundamental Time or Wave: Master Equation, Relational Book, and Quantum Measurement by Relational Selection

Authors: Benchekroun Mounssif;

A Discrete Relational Framework Without Fundamental Time or Wave: Master Equation, Relational Book, and Quantum Measurement by Relational Selection

Abstract

This preprint proposes a discrete relational framework indexed by the additive group (nZ,+), in which neither fundamental time, nor primitive dynamics, nor ontological randomness, nor a physical wave ontology is assumed. The global structure is described by a relational configuration (Ψ,R)(\Psi,R)(Ψ,R) constrained by a master equation of coherence, interpreted as an atemporal global constraint (no derivatives, no evolution law). The work introduces the notion of a “relational book”: events are assumed to be fully pre-inscribed in a negative branch of the index set, while the positive branch contains virtual events that become apparent only through a relational connection to their pre-inscribed symmetric counterparts. Within this setting, quantum measurement is reformulated as constrained relational selection/activation driven by the measurement device, with no wave collapse and no underlying wave propagation. The Born rule is reinterpreted as a relational compatibility density whose observed statistical regularities emerge from partial relational access to the global structure. The preprint also discusses interference “without waves” (e.g., double-slit scenarios) as a signature of global relational constraints, and includes a structural comparison with Everett (Many-Worlds), Bohmian mechanics, Relational Quantum Mechanics, and QBism.

Keywords

central symmetry, measurement problem, master equation, relational framework, pre-inscribed events, foundations of quantum mechanics, relational selection, interference without waves, global coherence, discrete physics, timeless physics, no wave ontology, relational book, emergent Born rule

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green