
This paper examines whether the quark qualifies as an independent physically enforcing mechanism under a strict enforcement-based admissibility criterion. Restricting analysis to permanently confined realizations, the paper applies elimination by necessity by removing the attribution of an independent quark while retaining confinement, composite particle structure, and all enforcing interactions. Because external physical behavior—force exchange, inertia, energy transfer, and momentum exchange—remains invariant under this removal, the paper demonstrates that quarks do not independently enforce physical change and function instead as descriptive constituents of composite systems.
Quark, Foundations of Physics
Quark, Foundations of Physics
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