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ShunyaBar: Spectral–Arithmetic Phase Transitions for Combinatorial Optimization

Authors: Sethurathienam Iyer;

ShunyaBar: Spectral–Arithmetic Phase Transitions for Combinatorial Optimization

Abstract

ShunyaBar: Differentiable Combinatorial Optimization using Arithmetic Symmetry Breaking ShunyaBar is a dynamical optimization framework grounded in non-commutative geometry and quantum statistical mechanics. The system is formalized as a spectral triple $(\mathcal{A}, \mathcal{H}, \mathcal{D})$ encoding the arithmetic and geometric structure of the SAT phase space. The associated partition function factorizes over the adèlic ring $\mathbb{A}_{\mathbb{Q}}$ as: $$Z(\beta) = \zeta(\beta) \cdot \text{Tr}(e^{-\beta L})$$ where $\zeta(\beta)$ is the Riemann zeta function and $L$ is the constraint graph Laplacian. Core Mechanism We prove that the corresponding Kubo–Martin–Schwinger (KMS) states undergo a phase transition at inverse temperature $\beta_c = 1$, exhibiting full one-step Replica Symmetry Breaking (1-RSB). Applied to combinatorial optimization—such as random 3-SAT near the critical density $\alpha \approx 4.26$—a quasi-static Renormalization Group (RG) sweep across $\beta_c = 1$ produces dramatic speedups. These are bounded only by the Quantum Adiabatic Theorem, rather than by exponential search. Method Summary ShunyaBar does not perform combinatorial search. Instead, it: Continuously relaxes Boolean constraints into a global dynamical system. Destroys illegal regions of state space by making them energetically unstable. Forces a phase transition via an arithmetic singularity at $\beta = 1$. Freezes into a discrete Boolean assignment once full satisfaction is achieved. Terminates immediately upon reaching 100% satisfaction (no repair phase). This approach replaces backtracking and clause learning with global consistency enforcement. Blog Post: https://theory.shunyabar.foo/ Live API: https://navokoj.shunyabar.foo/ Performance & Industrial Benchmarks SAT 2024 Industrial Track Navokoj (the implementation of ShunyaBar) achieved a 92.57% perfect solution rate on the SAT 2024 industrial benchmarks (4,199 problems), tested across three engines: Engine Perfect Rate Speed Quality Use Case PRO 92.57% 7.9/sec 99.92% Mission-critical MINI 31.37% 10.6/sec 99.55% Balanced NANO 3.24% 12/sec 96.41% Real-time Case Study 1: 129-SAT (Ultra-High-k Regime) Problem: $N=200, M=10^6$, Alpha $\approx 5000$ (1000x over-constrained). Challenge: Locality is destroyed; CDCL search is ineffective as clause learning loses meaning. Result: 100% satisfaction (0/1M violated) in ~9–10 minutes on a single H100 GPU. Case Study 2: Ramsey R(5,5,5) at N = 52 Problem: Construct a 3-edge-coloring of $K_{52}$ with no monochromatic $K_5$ subgraphs. Search space: $3^{1326} \approx 10^{633}$. Result: Perfect 3-coloring found in ~17 minutes. This constitutes a constructive lower bound for $R(5,5,5)$. Comparison: ShunyaBar vs. NVIDIA TurboSAT Aspect NVIDIA TurboSAT ShunyaBar Core approach Gradient-guided search + CDCL Pure continuous dynamics Uses CDCL Yes (CPU side) No Repair phase Required None Handles High-k Not targeted Native Proof output CDCL certificates Boolean witness + verifier While TurboSAT offloads exploration to GPUs to accelerate classical SAT, ShunyaBar eliminates search entirely, operating in regimes where CDCL ceases to be meaningful. Verification & Reproducibility Instance Type Size Satisfaction Rate Status 129sat_n200 129-SAT $N=200, M=10^6$ 100.00% Verified pyth_n5000 Pythagorean $N=5000$ 100.00% Verified ramsey_n52 Ramsey $K_{52}, R(5,5,5)$ 100.00% Verified 3sat_100k 3-SAT $N=23k$ 94.90% Partial To verify these results independently: python3 verify_reproducibility.py This script scans the results/ directory, regenerates instances using deterministic generators, and verifies all assignments. ShunyaBar replaces combinatorial search with arithmetic-spectral phase transitions, enforcing global consistency to produce verifiable witnesses in regimes where classical solvers fail.

This record contains the paper, datasets, solver outputs, and verification artifacts accompanying ShunyaBar, a spectral–arithmetic dynamical system for combinatorial optimization. We introduce a non-commutative spectral triple whose partition function factorizes as ζ(β)·Tr(e^{-βL}), exhibiting a phase transition at β = 1. This phase transition enables global consistency enforcement without combinatorial search. Included are fully verifiable witnesses for large-scale SAT instances (including 129-SAT with 1,000,000 clauses), Ramsey R(5,5,5) constructions, reversible pebbling benchmarks, and independent verification scripts. All claims are reproducible from the attached artifacts.

Keywords

Boolean Satisfability

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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