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ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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GEKO: Gradient-Efficient Knowledge Optimization, A Plug and Play Training Framework for Intelligent Sample Selection

Authors: Ali, Abdur Rehman;

GEKO: Gradient-Efficient Knowledge Optimization, A Plug and Play Training Framework for Intelligent Sample Selection

Abstract

GEKO (Gradient-Efficient Knowledge Optimization) is a plug and play training framework that achieves 30-50% compute savings through intelligent sample selection. The framework introduces three core innovations: 1. Four-Bucket Partitioning: Classifies samples into FREEZE, LIGHT, FOCUS, and HARD buckets based on model confidence and correctness2. Mountain Curriculum: A non-monotonic Easy→Hard→Easy training progression that prevents catastrophic forgetting3. Per-Sample Q-Value Learning: Tracks individual sample learnability over time, enabling dynamic bucket transitions The key insight is that samples where the model is confident but wrong (HARD bucket) provide maximum learning signal, while confident and correct samples (FREEZE bucket) can be safely skipped. Like LoRA revolutionized fine-tuning through parameter efficiency, GEKO revolutionizes training through sample efficiency. Implementation available at: https://github.com/ra2157218-boop/GEKOPyPI: pip install gekolib

Keywords

machine learning, curriculum learning, training efficiency, deep learning, PyTorch, sample selection, LLM training

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green