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License: CC BY NC
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License: CC BY NC
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Software . 2026
License: CC BY NC
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ZENODO
Software . 2026
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P-ML: An End-to-End AutoML Framework for Deploying Classical Machine Learning Models on Resource-Constrained Devices

Authors: Nguyen, Huu-Phuoc;

P-ML: An End-to-End AutoML Framework for Deploying Classical Machine Learning Models on Resource-Constrained Devices

Abstract

P-ML is an end-to-end AutoML framework for deploying classical machine learning models on memory-constrained microcontrollers. The framework automates the complete workflow, including data splitting, model selection, hyperparameter optimization, and generation of optimized Arduino-compatible C++ libraries. P-ML integrates Optuna-based hyperparameter tuning with stratified data splitting methods such as SPXY and K-Fold cross-validation to ensure robust and reliable model selection. The generated libraries are compact, efficient, and directly deployable on Arduino Uno, Nano, and ESP32 platforms using the Arduino IDE. Experimental results demonstrate that P-ML enables accurate sensor data classification, achieving over 90% accuracy while maintaining a small memory footprint suitable for embedded IoT applications.

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Keywords

Classical ML, TinyML, IoT, Machine Learning, Embedded Machine Learning, Arduino Code Generation, Arduino, ESP32, Resource-Constrained Systems, Embedded Systems, Hyperparameter Tuning, AutoML

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average