This article provides a comprehensive examination of Nigeria's complex regulatory landscape concerning food law, emphasizing critical areas of compliance and litigation. This paper employs a qualitative methodology, utilizing detailed analyses of key statutory instruments, including the Food and Drugs Act, the NAFDAC Act, and the Consumer Protection Council Act, to identify compliance requirements essential for food businesses in Nigeria. It elaborates on standards such as food registration, labeling, Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs), and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP). The research further highlights litigation risks tied to non-compliance, illustrated by notable cases such as NAFDAC v. Chi Limited673, where the defendant was penalized for the production and distribution of unregistered food products, and Consumer Protection Council v. Nestlé Nigeria Plc.674, which underscored corporate accountability in misleading labeling and consumer deception. These cases exemplify the legal and reputational consequences of violating food safety and consumer protection laws. The findings reflect the imperative of compliance in reducing legal risks and enhancing consumer trust. The article concludes with recommendations aimed at improving Nigeria’s regulatory framework, strengthening enforcement mechanisms, and fostering a culture of food safety and accountability to safeguard public health