
This research provides a comprehensive, philological, and theological examination of the concept oflove as presented in the Biblical canon, spanning the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) and the New Testament.The study aims to deconstruct contemporary, often sentimentalized notions of love by rigorously analyzingthe ancient linguistic roots—specifically the Hebrew terms ahavah and hesed, and the Greek terms agape,philia, and eros (via its conspicuous absence or sublimated presence). The central hypothesis posits thatBiblical love is not primarily an emotional affect but a volitional, covenantal commitment that integratesjustice, election, and sacrifice.Methodologically, this paper employs a historical-grammatical exegesis combined with canonical criti-cism to trace the trajectory of divine affection. The analysis begins with the election of Israel, where love isframed as hesed (loyal love/covenant faithfulness), a juridical yet intimate bond that persists despite humaninfidelity. This concept is juxtaposed with the prophetic literature, particularly Hosea, which introducesthe metaphor of divine pathos and the suffering of God. The study then transitions to the New Testament,examining the Christological redefinition of love. Here, the Johannine assertion that ”God is love” (Theosagape estin) is scrutinized not as an abstract ontological definition but as a soteriological event manifestedin the Incarnation and the Crucifixion.Furthermore, the research addresses the scholarly debate initiated by Anders Nygren regarding the di-chotomy between agape (descending, unmotivated divine love) and eros (ascending, acquisitive humandesire), arguing for a more nuanced, post-Nygrenian synthesis that acknowledges the reciprocity inherentin the Great Commandment. The paper also explores the Pauline theology of love as the supreme ethicalvirtue and the eschatological reality that survives the cessation of other charismatic gifts. By synthesizinglexical data, systematic theology, and historical reception, this article demonstrates that Biblical love is acoherent, albeit complex, meta-narrative of divine self-giving that demands an ethical response, therebybridging the gap between dogmatic theology and Christian ethics. The findings suggest that the Biblicalpresentation of love serves as a critique of autonomous individualism, proposing instead an ontology ofrelation grounded in the Trinitarian life.
Biblical Theology, Agape, Hesed, Covenant, Hermeneutics, Divine Attributes.
Biblical Theology, Agape, Hesed, Covenant, Hermeneutics, Divine Attributes.
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