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Aequitas romana: principio informatore del diritto

Authors: Zito, Luigi;

Aequitas romana: principio informatore del diritto

Abstract

Il contributo analizza il concetto di aequitas nel diritto romano quale principio strutturale e informatore dell’ordinamento giuridico, superando una visione riduttiva che la riconduce alla mera giustizia del caso concreto. Muovendo dalla dialettica storica e funzionale tra ius civile e ius honorarium, lo studio ricostruisce il ruolo dell’equità come forza interna al diritto positivo, idonea a integrare, supplire e correggere la norma giuridica in relazione al mutamento delle condizioni sociali ed economiche. Particolare attenzione è dedicata al rapporto tra aequitas romana ed epieikeia aristotelica, al fine di evidenziarne l’autonomia concettuale e funzionale. Il saggio approfondisce inoltre la funzione ermeneutica dell’aequitas e ne segue l’evoluzione in età imperiale e postclassica, caratterizzata da un progressivo affievolimento del suo ruolo tecnico-giuridico a favore di una dimensione prevalentemente morale. In conclusione, si sostiene che l’aequitas romana costituisca un autentico principio informatore del diritto, la cui lezione conserva rilevante attualità per gli ordinamenti contemporanei di tradizione codificata, chiamati a bilanciare certezza normativa ed esigenze di giustizia sostanziale.

The article examines the concept of aequitas in Roman law as a foundational and structuring principle of the legal system, rather than as a merely corrective or exceptional tool. Starting from the historical and functional dialectic between ius civile and ius honorarium, the study analyses aequitas as an internal force of positive law, capable of integrating, supplementing, and correcting legal norms in response to evolving social and economic conditions. Particular attention is devoted to the relationship between Roman aequitas and Aristotelian epieikeia, highlighting their conceptual autonomy and functional divergence. The contribution further explores the hermeneutical role of aequitas and traces its transformation during the imperial and post-classical periods, marked by a gradual shift from a technical-juridical function to a predominantly moral dimension. The article ultimately argues that Roman aequitas constitutes a genuine guiding principle of law, whose legacy remains highly relevant for contemporary codified legal systems confronted with the tension between legal certainty and substantive justice.

Keywords

aequitas, equity, ius honorarium, common sense, giustizia, jus, equità, ius civile, roman law, K, Law, justice, diritto romano

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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bronze