Table 2. Morphological comparison amongst Parapiptadenia, Pityrocarpa and Marlimorimia. Traits in bold highlight diagnostic features separating Pityrocarpa and Marlimorimia. EFN - Extrafloral nectary. ParapiptadeniaPityrocarpaMarlimorimiaPinnae number1-81-4 (rarely to 5 in Pi. brenanii)5-10 or more (2-5 in M. bahiana and M. colombiana)Petiolar EFN positionVariable across speciesBetween or just below the first pair of pinnaeBetween the base and the middle of the petioleSpike arrangementSolitary, axillary or supra-axillary to coeval leavesSolitary (very rarely up to 2 in Pi. moniliformis), axillary to coeval leaves2-many fasciculate and further arranged in efoliate terminal pseudoracemes or on efoliate nodes below mature leavesPetalsReddish (yellowish in Pa. excelsa and Pa. rigida); united at the base (free in Pa. rigida)White to yellowish or greenish; free and glabrous (united in Pi. leucoxylon)White to yellowish or greenish; united and pubescentFruit type (dehiscence)LegumeFollicleFollicleFruit shapeFlat compressed, valves plicate above the seeds (except in Pa. excelsa)Flat compressed, valves not plicate above the seedsFlat compressed, valves not plicate above the seedsFruit marginsStraight to shallowly sinuousDeeply constricted (moniliform) (sinuous in P. brenanii).Straight, (shallowly and irregularly sinuous in M. bahiana, M. colombiana and M. warmingii), sometimes constricted where seeds abortValve consistency and indumentumThin, chartaceous, glabrousThick, coriaceous, mostly pubescentThin, coriaceous (thicker and harder in M. warmingii), glabrousEmbryo plumuleDeveloped and multifidRudimentary (developed and multifid in P. brenanii)Developed and multifidSeedling eophyllsPinnateBifoliolatePinnate or bipinnate

Published as part of Borges, Leonardo M., Inglis, Peter W., Simon, Marcelo F., Ribeiro, Petala Gomes & de Queiroz, Luciano P., 2022, Misleading fruits: The non-monophyly of Pseudopiptadenia and Pityrocarpa supports generic re-circumscriptions and a new genus within mimosoid legumes, pp. 239 in PhytoKeys 205 on page 239, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.205.82275