The data and files contained in this dataset are related to research on cultivation and prodigiosin (PG) production by Serratia marcescens ATCC 27117 strain. Prodigiosins (prodiginines) are a class of colored bacterial secondary metabolites with remarkable biological activities. We have previously shown that when S. marcescens is grown for 24 h in NB medium, in 5 L fermenter under the optimized cultivation conditions (pH 7, 28 °C, and 200 rpm), the maximal PG production of 7.8 mg/L is observed at 20 h (https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27123729). Our aim was to grow S. marcescens as a fed-batch culture in 5 L fermenter using medium with waste oil G2502 as a carbon source, supplied gradually during cultivation (0.5 % w/v in total). All details about the data structure, methods and research conditions are given in the metadata file readme.txt which is accessible and machine-readable. The dataset contains 4 files (2 spreadsheets and 2 figures) and a readme.txt as a metadata file:1. Fed-batch_Serratia_GO2502.csv2. PG_Spectra_GO2502.csv3. Figure 1.png4. Figure 2.png5. Readme.txt