The Sama Tribe of Samal Island, Davao del Norte, historically known as "sea nomads," is a distinct indigenouscommunity facing a critical existential crisis. This systematic review aims to identify the socio-environmentalvariables contributing to the potential physical and cultural extinction of the tribe.Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, the study screened 67 records, ultimately synthesizing data from high-qualityreports that provide empirical evidence on tribal extinction. A rigorous filtration process assessed 50 reports foreligibility, excluding 20 that lacked specific qualitative or quantitative data required for the study.The synthesis reveals a state of "slow extinction" driven by a multi-dimensional crisis. Environmental degradation,including overfishing and pollution, has decimated traditional fishing grounds, while climate change-induced sealevel rise threatens coastal settlements. These environmental pressures are compounded by physical displacement dueto mining, urbanization, and industrialization. Consequently, the tribe is forced into a marginalized market-basedeconomy, leading to "deculturation" where younger generations abandon traditional practices, language, and rituals infavor of mainstream society.The extinction of the Sama tribe is a two-pronged process involving physical displacement and cultural erasure. Thestudy recommends urgent interventions, including legal protections for ancestral domains, culturally sensitiveeducation, and the inclusion of the Sama people in local governance to preserve their unique heritage.