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Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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The Measurement Bottleneck in Quantum Computing: Holevo-Limited Readout and the Role of Phase-Window Coordination in Distributed Architectures

Authors: Ouardi, Tarik;

The Measurement Bottleneck in Quantum Computing: Holevo-Limited Readout and the Role of Phase-Window Coordination in Distributed Architectures

Abstract

This note clarifies a fundamental but often-misunderstood limitation of quantum computation: regardless of the exponentially large Hilbert space of an \(N\)-qubit register, the amount of classical information that can be extracted from a single run is bounded by the quantum-to-classical measurement interface. Using the accessible information framework and the Holevo bound, we show that for a system of dimension \(d\) (in particular \(d=2^N\)), the accessible classical information per run satisfies \(I_{\mathrm{acc}}\le \log d\), i.e. at most \(N\) bits for \(N\) qubits (log base 2). We emphasize that quantum advantage is therefore not about “reading out” exponentially many classical bits, but about how interference structures the distribution of \(O(N)\) measured bits so that they encode useful answers. Finally, we discuss why temporal/phase coordination becomes an architectural requirement in *distributed* quantum computing and quantum networks: without a shared phase/time reference, operations are symmetry-restricted and measurement events across nodes may fail to compose reliably. This motivates cycle-anchored phase-window coordination and reference-frame/asymmetry viewpoints as practical foundations for scalable distributed systems. Keywordsquantum measurement, Holevo bound, accessible information, readout bottleneck, distributed quantum computing, quantum networks, phase coordination, \(U(1)\) asymmetry.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green