This article analyzes the impact of changes in the educational environment on the academic adjustment of secondary school students. It is shown that the transition to secondary school, school transfers, and changes in the educational system can reduce students' grades, motivation, and emotional state, and that socioeconomic and ethnic factors further complicate this process. Based on the results of studies conducted on the basis of DREEM measures, cross-lagged models, and stage-environment fit theory, the mechanisms of academic adjustment are explored in depth. The article discusses risk factors (school size, conflict) and protective factors (social support) and suggests educational interventions. The results emphasize the importance of ensuring long-term success of students by managing the educational environment.