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Report . 2025
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Utilising side streams from a reverse osmosis water treatment plant for production of brine for fish salting / Nýting hliðarstrauma frá vatnshreinsistöð sem byggir á sameindasíun á sjó til framleiðslu á pækli fyrir fisksöltun

Authors: Dargentolle, Cécile; Arason, Sigurjón; Baldursson, Jónas; Hilmarsdóttir, Guðrún Svana; Viðarsson, Jónas R.; Andersen, Willum; Coelho, Pedro Afonso Pinto;

Utilising side streams from a reverse osmosis water treatment plant for production of brine for fish salting / Nýting hliðarstrauma frá vatnshreinsistöð sem byggir á sameindasíun á sjó til framleiðslu á pækli fyrir fisksöltun

Abstract

Frá 1968 þegar vatnsleiðsla var fyrst tengd á milli Vestmannaeyja og fastalandsins hafa Eyjabúar reitt sig á aðgengi að ferskvatni í gegnum plastleiðslur sem liggja á hafsbotni. Vestmannaeyingar og atvinnulífið á Eyjunni voru þó óþyrmilega minntir á það óöryggi sem felst af því að vera háðir slíkri tengingu varðandi lífsnauðsynjar 2023 þegar skemmdir urðu á leiðslunni. Í framhaldi fjárfestu fyrirtæki á svæðinu í vatnshreinsibúnaði sem framleitt getur ferskvatn úr sjó. Vinnslustöðin í Vestmannaeyjum fjárfesti meðal annast í slíkum búnaði, og í framhaldi kom upp sú hugmynd hvort ekki væri hægt að nýta þá hliðarstrauma sem til verða við ferskvatnsframleiðsluna. En vatnshreinsistöðin síar steinefni og óhreinindi úr sjónum, þannig að eftir verður hreint vatn. Meðal þeirra steinefna sem síast frá er salt, en Vinnslustöðin er á sama tíma að flytja inn töluvert magn af salti til saltfiskframleiðslu. Það lá því beinast við að kanna möguleikann á að nýta saltpækil sem fellur til við ferskvatnsframleiðsluna fyrir saltfiskvinnslu. Vinnslustöðin fékk því Matís með sér í lið til að kanna fýsileika þess, og fengu auk þess stuðning frá LÓU sjóðnum til að fjármagna hluta af verkefninu. Markmið verkefnisins var að kanna fýsileika þess að nýta salt frá ferskvatnsframleiðslunni til saltfiskframleiðslu m.t.t. matvælaöryggis, afkasta, kostnaðar og sjálfbærni. Helstu niðurstöður sýndu að hægt er að nota pækilinn (RO-brine) í forsöltun án þess að skerða gæði vörunnar, lit eða sýrustig (pH). Vinnslutilraunirnar sýndu sambærilegar niðurstöður hvað varðar saltmagn í lokaafurðinni og engin neikvæð áhrif á afköstin. Í heildina gæti notkun þessa pækils dregið verulega úr saltinnflutningi til saltfiskframleiðslu, sem gæti leitt til umtalsverðrar lækkunar á kostnaði við framleiðslu saltfisks. Enn fremur sýndi vistferilsmat (LCA) fram á að með því að nýta pækilinn má draga verulega úr umhverfisáhrifum framleiðslunnar, samanborið við hefðbundinn pækil sem framleiddur er úr innfluttu salti. Sýnt hefur því verið fram á í verkefninu að notkun saltpækils sem fellur til við vatnshreinsun sé tæknilega raunhæfur, hagkvæmur og sjálfbærari valkostur við saltfiskframleiðslu.____ Since 1968, when a freshwater pipeline was first connected between the Westman Islands and the mainland, the islanders have relied on access to freshwater through plastic pipelines that lie on the seabed. The inhabitants of the Islands and its industries were harshly reminded of the insecurity of being dependent on such a connection for their essential needs in 2023 when the pipeline was damaged. Subsequently, companies in the area invested in water treatment plants that can produce freshwater from seawater. Westmann islands largest seafood company and the largest workplace, Vinnslustöðin (VSV) invested in such equipment, and subsequently the idea arose of whether it would be possible to utilize the side streams that are created during the production of freshwater. But the water treatment plant filters minerals and impurities from the sea, so that only clean water remains. Among the minerals that are filtered out is salt, but VSV is at the same time importing considerable amounts of salt for its saltfish production. The focus was therefore on investigating the possibility of using the salt brine that is generated from the freshwater production for saltfish processing. VSV therefore brought Matís on board to investigate its feasibility and also received support from the LÓU Fund to finance part of the project. The aim of the project was to investigate the feasibility of using salt from freshwater production for saltfish production in terms of food safety, yield, cost and sustainability. The main results showed that the brine can be used in pre-salting without compromising the quality of the product, colour or pH. The processing experiments showed comparable results in terms of salt content in the final product and no negative impact on performance or yield. Overall, the use of the brine could substantially reduce salt imports for saltfish production, which could lead to a significant reduction in the cost of producing salted fish. Furthermore, a life cycle assessment (LCA) showed that by utilizing the brine, the environmental impact of production can be substantially reduced, compared to traditional brine produced from imported salt. The project has therefore demonstrated that the use of salt brine generated during water purification process using reverse osmosis is a technically feasible, economical and more sustainable alternative to current practises for saltfish production.

Keywords

saltpækill, Brine, vatnshreinsistöð, saltfiskframleiðsla, vistferilsgreining, Water re-use, LCA, Saltfish production, Water treatment plant

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average