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ZENODO
Journal . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Journal . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Journal . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Oportunidades de la globalización para las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector industrial: revisión sistemática

Authors: Chambi Rosa, Jose; Quispe Acosta, Jesus Alberto; Ulloa De la Cruz, Denis Yanin; Angeles Cabrera, Meliza Elizabeth;

Oportunidades de la globalización para las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector industrial: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Resumen En el contexto latinoamericano, las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMEs) industriales representan un eje estratégico para el desarrollo económico, la generación de empleo y la innovación productiva. Sin embargo, su competitividad se ve condicionada por los efectos multidimensionales de la globalización, que plantea tanto oportunidades como desafíos en términos de internacionalización, transformación digital y adaptación normativa. La problemática central radica en comprender cómo inciden estos procesos globales en el desempeño de las PYMEs, considerando sus capacidades internas, como liderazgo, gestión e innovación, y las condiciones estructurales del entorno institucional y normativo. La justificación del estudio se sustenta en la necesidad de identificar los factores que limitan o potencian la inserción de las PYMEs en mercados globales, especialmente en contextos marcados por brechas de financiamiento, débil articulación institucional y escasa adopción tecnológica. Esta comprensión resulta clave para orientar políticas públicas, estrategias empresariales y marcos de cooperación que fortalezcan su sostenibilidad sin perder pertinencia local. El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar, desde una perspectiva comparativa y multidimensional, los factores que inciden en la competitividad de las PYMEs latinoamericanas frente a los procesos de globalización. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática cualitativa y descriptiva de 40 estudios seleccionados mediante criterios de inclusión temáticos, regionales y metodológicos. Los hallazgos se sistematizaron en una tabla de frecuencia temática y un diagrama PRISMA, evidenciando patrones recurrentes como la transformación digital, el liderazgo resiliente, la articulación entre universidad-empresa-Estado y la inclusión en tratados internacionales.

Abstract In the Latin American context, small and medium-sized industrial enterprises (SMEs) represent a strategic axis for economic development, job creation, and productive innovation. However, their competitiveness is conditioned by the multidimensional effects of globalization, which presents both opportunities and challenges in terms of internationalization, digital transformation, and regulatory adaptation. The central issue lies in understanding how these global processes affect the performance of SMEs, considering their internal capacities, such as leadership, management, and innovation, and the structural conditions of the institutional and regulatory environment. The rationale for the study is based on the need to identify the factors that limit or enhance the integration of SMEs into global markets, especially in contexts marked by financing gaps, weak institutional coordination, and low technology adoption. This understanding is key to guiding public policies, business strategies, and cooperation frameworks that strengthen their sustainability without losing local relevance. The overall objective of the research was to analyze, from a comparative and multidimensional perspective, the factors that affect the competitiveness of Latin American SMEs in the face of globalization processes. To this end, a systematic qualitative and descriptive review of 40 studies was conducted, selected using thematic, regional, and methodological inclusion criteria. The findings were systematized in a thematic frequency table and a PRISMA diagram, revealing recurring patterns such as digital transformation, resilient leadership, university-business-government coordination, and inclusion in international treaties.

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Keywords

Latin America, Globalización, PYMEs, Latinoamérica, PYMEs, Globalización, SMEs, Latinoamérica, Globalization

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green