Gridded Daily PM2.5 in Ghana (2005–2024) Description This dataset provides daily estimates of surface PM2.5 concentrations across Ghana at a high spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km. The data are generated by integrating satellite observations, ground-level monitors, and machine learning models, providing consistent spatiotemporal coverage over 20 years (2005-2024). Key features Temporal coverage: 2005–2024 (daily) Spatial resolution: 1 km × 1 km grid Formats: NetCDF for gridded daily PM2.5; CSV for city-level aggregated daily PM2.5 Intended use: Air quality research, health impact assessment, environmental policy analysis File structure The dataset includes two types of data products: 1. Spatially gridded PM2.5 levels are provided in NetCDF format. “NETCDF_PM25_Ghana_Daily_1km_2005-2024.zip” contains one NETCDF file for each year (20 files in total) in the format below. “PM25_Ghana_Daily_1km_YYYY.nc” — daily gridded PM2.5 for year YYYY. 2. City-level daily PM2.5 time series for selected locations are provided in CSV format. “CSV_PM25_Ghana_Cities_Daily_2005-2024.zip” contains one CSV file for each year (20 files in total) in the format below. “PM25_Ghana_Cities_Daily_YYYY.csv” — daily PM2.5 in year YYYY for selected cities. The cities include: Accra (Greater Accra), Bolgatanga (Upper East), Cape Coast (Central), Dambai (Oti), Damongo (Savannah), Goaso (Ahafo), Ho (Volta), Kintampo* (Bono East), Koforidua (Eastern), Kumasi (Ashanti), Nalerigu (North East), Navrongo* (Upper East), Sefwi Wiawso (Western North), Sekondi-Takoradi (Western), Somanya* (Eastern), Sunyani (Bono), Tamale (Northern), Techiman (Bono East), Tema* (Greater Accra), Wa (Upper West). (* denotes non-capital cities) Units PM2.5 concentrations are reported in µg/m3. Citation If you use this dataset, please cite both the dataset and the related publications, to acknowledge the data and the underlying methodology: Zenodo DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17920004 Westervelt, D. M., Amooli, J. A., & Anand, A. (2025). Twenty Years of High Spatiotemporal Resolution Estimates of Daily PM2.5 in West Africa Using Satellite Data, Surface Monitors, and Machine Learning. ACS ES&T Air. Anand, A., Amooli, J. A., & Westervelt, D. M. (Manuscript in preparation, detailing the methodology for generating a more accurate daily PM2.5 estimates in Ghana and a few applications of the dataset). BibTeX Citations 1. Dataset: @dataset{pm25_ghana_2005_2024, author = {Anand, Abhishek and Amooli, Joe A. and Westervelt, Daniel M.}, title = {Gridded Daily PM2.5 Estimates for Ghana (2005–2024)}, year = {2025}, publisher = {Zenodo}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.17920004}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17920004} } 2. Publication: @article{westervelt2025_pm25, author = {Westervelt, Daniel M. and Amooli, Joe A. and Anand, Abhishek}, title = {Twenty Years of High Spatiotemporal Resolution Estimates of Daily PM2.5 in West Africa Using Satellite Data, Surface Monitors, and Machine Learning}, journal = {ACS ES&T Air}, year = {2025} } 3. Methodology (in preparation): @unpublished{anand2025_method, author = {Anand, Abhishek and Amooli, Joe A. and Westervelt, Daniel M.}, title = {High Spatiotemporal Resolution PM2.5 Estimation Methodology for Ghana}, note = {Manuscript in preparation}, year = {2025} } Contact For questions or issues, please contact: aanand@ldeo.columbia.edu danielmw@ldeo.columbia.edu License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)