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License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Optimizing Energy Efficiency in Agricultural Spraying Drones Through Fractional-Order PID Controllers and Genetic Algorithm

Authors: Costa, Heictor Alves de Oliveira; Von Zuben, Fernando J.;

Optimizing Energy Efficiency in Agricultural Spraying Drones Through Fractional-Order PID Controllers and Genetic Algorithm

Abstract

The viability of precision agriculture in family farming is intrinsically linked to the operational and energy efficiency of equipment, especially when relying on on-site renewable sources like photovoltaic panels. This paper addresses the challenge of maximizing the energy efficiency of spraying drones through advanced control optimization. The methodology employs a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimize and compare two controller types: a conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) and a Fractional-Order PID (FOPID). The optimization aims to minimize a cost function that models energy consumptionand flight time. Simulation results demonstrate that the FOPID controller achieves a 3.1% reduction in operational cost per hectare compared to the conventional PID. Analysis of the acceleration profiles reveals that the FOPID, despite exhibiting high-frequency behavior, avoids the large-amplitude peaks characteristic of the PID, resulting in lower overall control effort and, consequently, reduced energy consumption. The study concludes that advanced software optimization, specifically with FOPID controllers, offers an energy-efficient solution that promotes sustainability in family farming.

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Keywords

Genetic Algorithm, Energy Efficiency, Agricultural Drone, WP.DM2, Precision Agriculture, RS.DEMIST, Fractional-Order Control

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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