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Brick Kiln Dataset for Pakistan's IGP Region Using AI

Authors: Hamdani, Muhammad Suleman Ali; Zakir, Khizer; Kushwaha, Neetu; Fatima, Syeda Eman; Sheikh, Hassan Aftab;

Brick Kiln Dataset for Pakistan's IGP Region Using AI

Abstract

This dataset represents the first geospatial mapping of brick kiln sites in the IGP region of Pakistan, providing an invaluable resource for understanding the spatial distribution of these sites. Each data point captures a brick kiln's precise location, including coordinates, state, and other important information, standardized in Coordinate Reference System (CRS) EPSG:4326 (WGS 84). This dataset, to the best of our knowledge, is the first of its kind to consolidate and geolocate brick kiln operations across this region, where air pollution impacts from kiln emissions are a significant environmental and public health concern. In addition to the primary geolocation data, the dataset also includes an initial, secondary estimation of emissions (PM10, PM2.5, NOx, and SOx) from these sites. This supplementary information supports preliminary risk assessments, emphasizing proximity-based exposure for populations and sensitive areas (e.g., schools, hospitals) within a 1 km radius of each kiln site. The dataset is made available in multiple formats to facilitate wide usage across spatial analysis platforms: Geojson (.geojson) Shapefile (.shp) Comma-Separated Values (.csv) Metadata: Geographic Coverage: IGP - Pakistan CRS: EPSG:4326 (WGS 84) 1. Dataset - Main Version Columns: id: Unique identifier for each brick kiln site. lat: Latitude of the brick kiln in decimal degrees. lon: Longitude of the brick kiln in decimal degrees. state: Administrative state or region of the kiln. type: Classification of brick kiln (FCBK or ZigZag). schools1km: Number of schools within a 1 km radius. hosp1km: Number of hospitals within a 1 km radius. pop1km: Estimated population within a 1 km radius. 2. Dataset - Estimates Version Columns: Basic ID & Location: id, lat, lon, state, type (to allow for cross-referencing with the Main Version). Production Data: avg_bricks: Average number of kilns in operation per day. dailyprod(kg): Estimated daily production of bricks in kilograms. seasonprod(kg): Seasonal production in kilograms (Excluding the Monsoon and Smog Days) Emission Estimates: Daily Emissions: pm2.5d(kg): Daily PM2.5 emissions in kilograms. pm10d(kg): Daily PM10 emissions in kilograms. noxd(kg): Daily NOx emissions in kilograms. soxd(kg): Daily SOx emissions in kilograms. Seasonal Emissions: pm2.5s(kg): Seasonal PM2.5 emissions in kilograms. pm10s(kg): Seasonal PM10 emissions in kilograms. noxs(kg): Seasonal NOx emissions in kilograms. soxs(kg): Seasonal SOx emissions in kilograms. Funding Sources: This research and data collection were funded by Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Smith School of Enterprise and The Environment (University of Oxford). 

Keywords

Environmental sciences, Brick Kilns, Earth and related environmental sciences, Pakistan, FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences, Pollution, IGP

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    influence
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
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