FIGURE 6. Compiled venom composition data for Naja kaouthia from China (identity uncertain), India, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam depicting relative percent abundances of three-finger toxins (3FTx), cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISP), ohaninlike protein (OLP), nerve growth factor (NGF), cobra venom factor (CVF), natriuretic peptides (NP), cystatin, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), snake-venom metalloproteinase (SVMP), L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO), and other toxins. Duplicated compositional profiles for Assam, India (2) refer to different analytical workflows used to produce proteomic data from the same venom sample (Kakati et al. 2022). Distribution map adapted from RepFocus (Midtgaard 2024) and photo of N. kaouthia by Tyler Sladen.

Published as part of Balchan, Neil R., Esquerré, Damien, Wogan, Guinevere O. U. & Wüster, Wolfgang, 2025, A review of geographic variation in the monocled cobra, Naja kaouthia Lesson, 1831 (Serpentes: Elapidae) with the designation of a neotype, pp. 488-516 in Zootaxa 5717 (4) on page 496, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5717.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/17890884