Model data for "Effects of African dust deposition on phytoplankton in the western tropical Atlantic Ocean off Barbados" Abstract: Bioassay incubation experiments conducted with nutrients and local atmospheric aerosolamendments indicate that phosphorus (P) availability limited phytoplankton growth in the low-nutrientlow-chlorophyll (LNLC) ocean off Barbados. Atmospheric deposition provides a relatively large influx of newnutrients and trace metals to the surface ocean in this region in comparison to other nutrient sources. However,the impact on native phytoplankton is muted due to the high ratio of nitrogen (N) to P (NO3:SRP>40) andthe low P solubility of these aerosols. Atmospheric deposition induces P limitation in this LNLC region by addingmore N and iron (Fe) relative to P. This favors the growth of Prochlorococcus, a genus characterized by low Prequirements and highly efficient P acquisition mechanisms. A global three-dimensional marine ecosystemmodel that includes species-specific phytoplankton elemental quotas/stoichiometry and the atmosphericdeposition of N, P, and Fe supports this conclusion. Future increases in aerosol N loading may thereforeinfluence phytoplankton community structure in other LNLC areas, thereby affecting the biological pumpand associated carbon sequestration.