Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventually respiratory failure. It can be classified as familial (FALS) or sporadic (SALS), which, although sharing pathophysiological mechanisms and similar clinical manifestations, differ in genetic profiles, age of onset, and diagnostic implications. The reprogramming of epigenetic mechanisms is also associated with the development of ALS; and because these alterations are reversible, they represent promising therapeutic targets currently under investigation.